This thesis examines the historical and pedagogical evolution of individualized educational plans within a day care center for adults with disabilities, covering the period from 1986 to 2026. The study aims to investigate how cultural, legislative, and pedagogical changes have progressively transformed educational planning, moving from a predominantly welfare-oriented approach to a person-centered perspective focused on self-determination and life planning. After providing a theoretical framework on the evolution of the concept of disability and the main principles of special education, the research explores the role of the individualized educational plan as a pedagogical tool designed to support educational planning and enhance the quality of life of adults with disabilities. The original contribution of this study lies in the comparative analysis of individualized educational plans preserved in the historical archive of a day care center and those currently in use. The comparison is conducted through an analytical framework developed on the basis of the pedagogical literature. This approach makes it possible to highlight not only the formal evolution of the document, but also the changes in educational models, the interpretation of individual needs, the role assigned to the person, and the concept of life planning. The study aims to contribute to the pedagogical reflection on the individualized educational plan as a key educational tool capable of documenting the evolution of educational practices and representations of disability over the last forty years.
La presente ricerca analizza l’evoluzione storico-pedagogica dei piani personalizzati all’interno di un centro diurno per persone con disabilità adulta, prendendo in esame il periodo compreso tra il 1986 e il 2026. L’obiettivo è ricostruire come i cambiamenti culturali, normativi e pedagogici abbiano progressivamente trasformato la progettazione educativa, passando da una prospettiva prevalentemente assistenziale a un approccio centrato sulla persona, sull’autodeterminazione e sul progetto di vita. Dopo un inquadramento teorico dedicato all’evoluzione del concetto di disabilità e dei principali riferimenti della pedagogia speciale, la ricerca approfondisce il significato del piano personalizzato come strumento di progettazione educativa e di promozione della qualità della vita delle persone con disabilità adulta. L’elemento originale del lavoro consiste nell’analisi comparativa di piani personalizzati appartenenti all’archivio storico di un centro diurno, confrontati con quelli attualmente in uso attraverso una griglia di analisi costruita sulla base della letteratura pedagogica. Il confronto consente di evidenziare l’evoluzione del documento non solo dal punto di vista formale, ma soprattutto rispetto ai modelli educativi, ai bisogni considerati, al ruolo attribuito alla persona e alla concezione del progetto di vita. La ricerca intende così offrire un contributo alla riflessione sul valore del piano personalizzato quale dispositivo pedagogico capace di documentare l’evoluzione delle pratiche educative e delle rappresentazioni della disabilità nel corso degli ultimi quarant’anni
Dal piano scritto al progetto vissuto: evoluzione storico-pedagogica dei piani personalizzati in un centro diurno per persone con disabilità adulta (1986-2026)
D'ARRIGO, FEDERICA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis examines the historical and pedagogical evolution of individualized educational plans within a day care center for adults with disabilities, covering the period from 1986 to 2026. The study aims to investigate how cultural, legislative, and pedagogical changes have progressively transformed educational planning, moving from a predominantly welfare-oriented approach to a person-centered perspective focused on self-determination and life planning. After providing a theoretical framework on the evolution of the concept of disability and the main principles of special education, the research explores the role of the individualized educational plan as a pedagogical tool designed to support educational planning and enhance the quality of life of adults with disabilities. The original contribution of this study lies in the comparative analysis of individualized educational plans preserved in the historical archive of a day care center and those currently in use. The comparison is conducted through an analytical framework developed on the basis of the pedagogical literature. This approach makes it possible to highlight not only the formal evolution of the document, but also the changes in educational models, the interpretation of individual needs, the role assigned to the person, and the concept of life planning. The study aims to contribute to the pedagogical reflection on the individualized educational plan as a key educational tool capable of documenting the evolution of educational practices and representations of disability over the last forty years.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/117589