This thesis analyzes the phenomenon of female migration in Italy from a historical and gender perspective, with a specific focus on the integration pathways of African women and the socio-cultural obstacles that characterize their migratory experience. The first part reconstructs the historical evolution of female migration, highlighting the progressive shift from depicting women merely as "dependent migrants" (migranti al seguito) to recognizing them as autonomous agents within migratory processes. In parallel, it explores Italy's transformation from a country of emigration to a country of immigration, as well as the development of female immigration, with particular reference to the presence of women from the African continent. The second part of the research delves into the main obstacles affecting integration pathways, including motherhood, care work, language barriers, difficulties in accessing the labor market, multiple discrimination, social isolation, and relations with public services and institutions. The analysis is grounded in an interdisciplinary approach that integrates migration studies, gender studies, and the perspective of intersectionality, demonstrating how gender inequalities intertwine with social, economic, and cultural factors. The empirical section draws on a traineeship experience carried out at the Pari Passo reception center in Vicenza and is based on qualitative interviews conducted with African women hosted at the facility. The collected testimonies allow for an analysis of the experiences of migration, motherhood, and integration from the protagonists' point of view, highlighting both the critical challenges encountered and the adaptation and resilience strategies developed during their inclusion into Italian society. By integrating historical reconstruction, a theoretical framework, and field research, this thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of contemporary female migration and offer a reflection on the importance of integration policies and interventions tailored to the specific needs of migrant women.
La presente tesi analizza il fenomeno delle migrazioni femminili in Italia da una prospettiva storica e di genere, con particolare attenzione ai percorsi di integrazione delle donne africane e agli ostacoli socio-culturali che caratterizzano la loro esperienza migratoria. La prima parte ricostruisce l'evoluzione storica delle migrazioni femminili, evidenziando il progressivo passaggio da una rappresentazione delle donne come semplici "migranti al seguito" al loro riconoscimento come soggetti autonomi dei processi migratori. Parallelamente, viene approfondita la trasformazione dell'Italia da Paese di emigrazione a Paese di immigrazione e lo sviluppo dell'immigrazione femminile, con particolare riferimento alla presenza delle donne provenienti dal continente africano. La seconda parte della ricerca approfondisce i principali ostacoli che incidono sui percorsi di integrazione, tra cui la maternità, il lavoro di cura, le barriere linguistiche, le difficoltà di accesso al mercato del lavoro, le discriminazioni multiple, l'isolamento sociale e il rapporto con i servizi e le istituzioni. L'analisi si fonda su un approccio interdisciplinare che integra gli studi sulle migrazioni, gli studi di genere e la prospettiva dell'intersezionalità, mettendo in evidenza come le disuguaglianze di genere si intreccino con fattori sociali, economici e culturali. La parte empirica prende avvio dall'esperienza di tirocinio svolta presso il centro di accoglienza Pari Passo di Vicenza e si basa su interviste qualitative realizzate con donne africane accolte nella struttura. Le testimonianze raccolte consentono di analizzare le esperienze di migrazione, maternità e integrazione dal punto di vista delle protagoniste, evidenziando sia le criticità incontrate sia le strategie di adattamento e resilienza sviluppate nel percorso di inserimento nella società italiana. Attraverso l'integrazione tra ricostruzione storica, quadro teorico e ricerca sul campo, la tesi intende contribuire alla comprensione delle migrazioni femminili contemporanee e offrire una riflessione sull'importanza di politiche e interventi di integrazione attenti alle specifiche esigenze delle donne migranti.
Genere e migrazioni in prospettiva storica: ostacoli socio-culturali e forme di integrazione nel percorso delle donne africane in Italia
ANDALORO, ANNA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis analyzes the phenomenon of female migration in Italy from a historical and gender perspective, with a specific focus on the integration pathways of African women and the socio-cultural obstacles that characterize their migratory experience. The first part reconstructs the historical evolution of female migration, highlighting the progressive shift from depicting women merely as "dependent migrants" (migranti al seguito) to recognizing them as autonomous agents within migratory processes. In parallel, it explores Italy's transformation from a country of emigration to a country of immigration, as well as the development of female immigration, with particular reference to the presence of women from the African continent. The second part of the research delves into the main obstacles affecting integration pathways, including motherhood, care work, language barriers, difficulties in accessing the labor market, multiple discrimination, social isolation, and relations with public services and institutions. The analysis is grounded in an interdisciplinary approach that integrates migration studies, gender studies, and the perspective of intersectionality, demonstrating how gender inequalities intertwine with social, economic, and cultural factors. The empirical section draws on a traineeship experience carried out at the Pari Passo reception center in Vicenza and is based on qualitative interviews conducted with African women hosted at the facility. The collected testimonies allow for an analysis of the experiences of migration, motherhood, and integration from the protagonists' point of view, highlighting both the critical challenges encountered and the adaptation and resilience strategies developed during their inclusion into Italian society. By integrating historical reconstruction, a theoretical framework, and field research, this thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of contemporary female migration and offer a reflection on the importance of integration policies and interventions tailored to the specific needs of migrant women.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/117757