Simmetria e asimmetria nel mondo della natura

This thesis is essentially a literature search of the concept of symmetry in order to investigate the importance of the notion of symmetry has had in the history of scientific developments. Explaining the importance of the presence of symmetry in a system, it analyzes the figure of Emmy Noether and explained his theorems. some applications are given relating to various fields of knowledge: mainly the symmetry in molecules (DNA, proteins), in the process of cell reproduction (mitosis), and in crystals with a historical analysis of the ice crystals. An analysis conducted concludes that nature seems to prefer the asymmetry rather than symmetry: understanding the origin, the causes and the way in which it manifests the asymmetry is a challenge for the future.