Cartografia geologica e geomorfologica dell'area di Pordenone

This thesis was carried out in the framework of the “Carta Geologica di Sintesi” (Project GEO-CGT), funded by Friuli Venezia Giulia region. The primary objective of the thesis consists in the realization of geological and geomorphological maps related to the sections, respectively 085040 “Pordenone ovest” and 085080 “Vallenoncello”, on a scale of 1:10.000, which are part of the sheet 085 “Pordenone” on a scale 1:50.000. The thesis considers also the evolution of the Noncello valley, which falls within the study area and, finally, the study of the deep subsoil of the historical center area of the municipality of Pordenone. To achieve these objectives, different methods of study have been used: topographic micro-relief technology through the analysis of the DTM derived from LiDAR data, allowing a geomorphological analysis of the area, being able to identify the forms related to the river escarpments later reported in the cartography. Through the period of survey on the ground, it was possible to attribute to the deposits present in the area a certain superficial texture class and to distinguish them according to the stratigraphic unit of belonging. As regards the study of the evolution of the Noncello valley, 17 manual stratigraphic surveys were carried out on the Pleistocene and Holocene surfaces that describe the valley. The stratigraphies were then processed using AutoCAD software to return the stratigraphic profiles for an in-depth study of the deposits that characterize the valley. Finally, the geological analysis of the deep subsoil of the historical centre of Pordenone was carried out using data from pre-existing geongostic surveys provided by the Friuli region and from surveys conducted by external professionals (in the case of thesis by Dr. Geol. Umberto Stefanel). The results are cartographic works with a greater detail than the studies previously carried out in these areas, at the same scale. From the cartographic analysis is possible to notice the presence of deposits with a high variability of texture classes, highlighting peculiarities inherent to the processes of sedimentation occurred in these areas and highlighting how the anthropic impact may have changed the natural texture of surface deposits. The results obtained during the analysis of the evolution of the Noncello valley 6 mainly concern the interpretation of morphological characteristics of the valley and the data derived from manual core drilling arranged along three transepts. The latter have sediments with different characteristics, giving the possibility to interpret the different evolutionary dynamics of the valley during its genesis and during its filling phases. With regard to the analysis of the deposits constituting the deep subsoil of the historical centre of Pordenone, the stratigraphies of 45 boreholes located in this area have been analysed, thus succeeding in subdividing this area into 3 bands each with characteristics that highlight the passage from deposits with coarser granulometry (gravel with sandy intercalations) to portions of subsoil formed with a greater presence of deposits with fine granulometry (silt and clay). In conclusion, we can affirm how the cartographic works produced offer a detailed vision of the geomorphological, texture soil classes and related characteristics of the stratigraphic units of the whole area, representing a possible information basis for future territorial planning of the place; From the analysis of the results obtained through the study of the Noncello valley it is possible to affirm how the evolution of this represents the union of erosive and depositional events carried out by more rivers than the stream that in modern times flows inside it. It also provides information on the different forms of the riverbed itself and the different depositional characteristics associated with them. And finally, it has been possible to place the development of the area of the historical centre of the municipality of Pordenone above the transition band from purely gravelly sediments to deposits characterized by important clayey and loamy levels