Facial expressions are the most powerful and natural means of communication between human beings. The aim of this final paper is to evaluate emotional elicitation through the use of video. This research focused on how different emotions, i.e. the simultaneous presence of more than one emotion, can coexist following the viewing of a video with high emotional content. The main objectives were: the creation of a video database aimed at the spontaneous elicitation of emotions and the self-report evaluation of the emotion experienced. The first chapter explores the theoretical foundations of emotions, starting with Darwin's insights in 1872 into the universality of emotion expression and the subsequent studies conducted by Ekman and Friesen in the 1970s. However, recent research shows that there is a difference between spontaneous and posed expression of emotions. To date, there are both qualitative (e.g., Facial Action Coding System - FACS) and quantitative (e.g., Machine Learning, Kinematics) techniques for studying facial expressions of emotions. In order to investigate the different emotional contribution of individual emotions to the exposure of highly emotional videos, 30 participants were recruited. They were asked to fill in a self-report specifically created to study mixed emotions, the SAM to assess emotional state and the IRI test to detect empathic responsiveness through the integrated measurement of affective and cognitive components. The selected validated videos were indeed found to be videos with high emotional content with regard to the emotional category of interest. However, each video elicits a different range of emotions. These preliminary data embrace emerging theories that argue that emotions are not discrete and mutually exclusive.
Le espressioni facciali sono il più potente e naturale mezzo di comunicazione tra gli esseri umani. Lo scopo del presente elaborato finale è quello di valutare l’elicitazione emotiva attraverso l’utilizzo di video. La presente ricerca si è concentrata su come possono coesistere emozioni differenti, cioè la presenza simultanea di più di un'emozione, a seguito della visione di un video ad alto contenuto emotivo. Gli obiettivi principali sono stati: la creazione di un database video finalizzati all’elicitazione spontanea delle emozioni e la valutazione self-report sull’emozione esperita. Il primo capitolo approfondisce le basi teoriche delle emozioni a partire dalle intuizioni di Darwin, nel 1872, in merito all’universalità dell’espressione delle emozioni e i successivi studi condotti da Ekman e Friesen negli anni Settanta del secolo scorso. Tuttavia, recenti ricerche evidenziano che esiste una differenza tra l’espressione spontanea e in posa delle emozioni. Ad oggi, esistono tecniche sia di tipo qualitativo (e. g., Facial Action Coding Sistem – FACS) che di tipo quantitativo (e. g., Machine Learning, Cinematica) per lo studio delle espressioni facciali delle emozioni. Al fine di indagare il diverso contributo emotivo delle singole emozioni all’esposizione di video ad alto contenuto emotivo, sono stati reclutati 30 partecipanti. È stato chiesto loro di compilare un self-report creato appositamente per studiare le emozioni miste, il SAM per valutare lo stato emotivo e il test IRI per la rilevazione della responsività̀ empatica attraverso la misura integrata di componenti affettive e cognitive. I video selezionati validati sono risultati essere effettivamente video ad alto contenuto emotivo per quanto riguarda la categoria emotigena di interesse. Tuttavia, ciascun video elicita una gamma di emozioni differenti. Questi dati preliminari abbracciano le teorie emergenti che sostengono che le emozioni non sono discrete e mutualmente escludentesi
ESPRESSIONE DELLE EMOZIONI: SELF-REPORT SULLE EMOZIONI MISTE
CROCCO, SILVIA
2021/2022
Abstract
Facial expressions are the most powerful and natural means of communication between human beings. The aim of this final paper is to evaluate emotional elicitation through the use of video. This research focused on how different emotions, i.e. the simultaneous presence of more than one emotion, can coexist following the viewing of a video with high emotional content. The main objectives were: the creation of a video database aimed at the spontaneous elicitation of emotions and the self-report evaluation of the emotion experienced. The first chapter explores the theoretical foundations of emotions, starting with Darwin's insights in 1872 into the universality of emotion expression and the subsequent studies conducted by Ekman and Friesen in the 1970s. However, recent research shows that there is a difference between spontaneous and posed expression of emotions. To date, there are both qualitative (e.g., Facial Action Coding System - FACS) and quantitative (e.g., Machine Learning, Kinematics) techniques for studying facial expressions of emotions. In order to investigate the different emotional contribution of individual emotions to the exposure of highly emotional videos, 30 participants were recruited. They were asked to fill in a self-report specifically created to study mixed emotions, the SAM to assess emotional state and the IRI test to detect empathic responsiveness through the integrated measurement of affective and cognitive components. The selected validated videos were indeed found to be videos with high emotional content with regard to the emotional category of interest. However, each video elicits a different range of emotions. These preliminary data embrace emerging theories that argue that emotions are not discrete and mutually exclusive.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Crocco_Silvia.pdf
accesso aperto
Dimensione
642.4 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
642.4 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/30351