Through this thesis we try to identify and analyze the possible relationship between a philosophical current, such as Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology, and the new developments that involved psychiatry in the second half of the twentieth century. Indeed, it is evident the debt that figures such as that of Ronald Laing, a point of reference in the field of antipsychiatry and phenomenological psychiatry, have towards the phenomenological theories of the French philosopher. It will be through this link created between the two currents that an attempt will be made, by means of a phenomenological approach to therapy, to go beyond the methodological and epistemological dogmas typical of classical psychiatry: above all the division of the Self, or the idea that individual can be approached as a system of organs on which to act by putting the symptoms in the foreground with respect to the analysis of the subject as a whole. It is therefore only by overcoming the dogma of the division between embodied and unembodied self (between body and soul) that it will be possible to know the patient, or rather the individual, and his way of relating to himself, the world and the other.
Attraverso questa tesi si tenta di individuare ed analizzare il possibile rapporto presente tra una corrente filosofica, come la fenomenologia di Merleau-Ponty, e i nuovi sviluppi che hanno riguardato la psichiatria nella seconda metà del XX secolo. Risulta infatti evidente il debito che figure come quella di Ronald Laing, punto di riferimento nell'ambito dell'antipsichiatria e della psichiatria fenomenologica, hanno nei confronti delle teorie fenomenologiche del filosofo francese. Sarà attraverso questo legame creatosi tra le due correnti che si tenterà, per mezzo di un approccio fenomenologico alla terapia, di andare oltre i dogmi metodologici ed epistemologici tipici della psichiatria classica: su tutti la divisione dell'Io, ovvero l'idea che all'individuo ci si possa approcciare come ad un sistema di organi sui quale agire mettendo in primo piano la sintomatologia rispetto all'analisi del soggetto nel suo complesso. È quindi solo dal superamento del dogma della divisione tra Io corporeo ed Io incorporeo (tra corpo e anima) che sarà possibile conoscere il paziente, o meglio l'individuo, e il suo modo di rapportarsi con se stesso, con il mondo e con gli altri.
Oltre la divisione dell'Io. La psichiatria fenomenologica tra Merleau-Ponty e Laing.
DONÒ, SEBASTIANO
2021/2022
Abstract
Through this thesis we try to identify and analyze the possible relationship between a philosophical current, such as Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology, and the new developments that involved psychiatry in the second half of the twentieth century. Indeed, it is evident the debt that figures such as that of Ronald Laing, a point of reference in the field of antipsychiatry and phenomenological psychiatry, have towards the phenomenological theories of the French philosopher. It will be through this link created between the two currents that an attempt will be made, by means of a phenomenological approach to therapy, to go beyond the methodological and epistemological dogmas typical of classical psychiatry: above all the division of the Self, or the idea that individual can be approached as a system of organs on which to act by putting the symptoms in the foreground with respect to the analysis of the subject as a whole. It is therefore only by overcoming the dogma of the division between embodied and unembodied self (between body and soul) that it will be possible to know the patient, or rather the individual, and his way of relating to himself, the world and the other.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/31046