The subfossil oak wood, also known as bog oak, is a rare material. It is the result of a long period of stay in anoxic and high humidity conditions This master degree thesis analyses two subfossil logs. The first log was found buried along the Zero river (Marcon, VE) and dated back to the III-V sec. A.D. The second log was found buried inside a bend of the Piavon river (Chiarano, TV), it is dated back to the XII-XIII sec. A.D. The study of the logs is divided in physical characterization (basic density, residual basic density, maximum water content, shrinkage, colour), chemical characterization (elemental analysis) and mechanical characterization (compressive strength and hardness). The results were compared with the values of recent oak wood (control). Basic density and maximum water content are similar to the recent wood in the intact wood sector, but they are quite different in the degraded wood. The subfossil wood has higher shrinkage for all anatomic directions and it appears dark brown/black in colour. The elemental content of the logs is higher than the recent wood; in rare occasions a lower element content than the recent wood is observed (e.g. K). Ferric content is much higher in the subfossil wood and it causes a darker colour. It is noted a lower compressive strength parallel to the fibers than the recent wood, as reported in literature, but a higher hardness, especially in the transversal section. There are not substantial differences between the two logs despite different finding areas and different permanence period in soil. As expected, greater differences are observed between degraded and non-degraded log sectors and between subfossil and recent wood.
Il legno di quercia subfossile, o bog oak, è un materiale relativamente raro che deriva dalla permanenza per lungo periodo in condizioni anossiche ed elevata umidità. In questo elaborato di tesi magistrale si presentano i dati relativi allo studio di due tronchi ritrovati interrati nel fiume Zero (Marcon, VE) e nel canale Piavon (Chiarano, TV), datati rispettivamente al III-V sec. d.C. e XII-XIII sec. d.C. Il legno dei due tronchi è stato caratterizzato dal punto fisico (densità basale, densità basale residua, contenuto idrico massimo, ritiri, colore), meccanico (resistenza a compressione e durezza) e chimico (analisi elementare). I valori ottenuti sono stati confrontati con quelli del legno di quercia attuale (controllo). Densità basale e contenuto idrico massimo sono risultati simili al controllo per le aree meno degradate ma molto diversi per quelle degradate. Il legno subfossile presenta ritiri più elevati in tutte le direzioni anatomiche ed è caratterizzato da un colore marrone scuro – nero. Rispetto al controllo, il contenuto elementare del legno subfossile è in generale maggiore, con alcuni rari casi (es. K) in cui è stata osservata una diminuzione. In particolare il contenuto di ferro del legno subfossile è molto superiore al controllo e responsabile del colore scuro. Dal punto di vista meccanico si osserva una minor resistenza alla compressione parallela alle fibre rispetto al controllo, come indicato anche in letteratura, ma un aumento della durezza, soprattutto in sezione trasversale, risultando in contrapposizione rispetto a quanto riportato da altri studi. Non sembra esserci una differenza significativa delle caratteristiche sopradescritte tra i due tronchi esaminati, nonostante il diverso tempo di permanenza nel letto dei due fiumi. Risultano invece esserci differenze tra le caratteristiche delle porzioni degradate e le zone integre del legno subfossile e, come aspettato, con il legno attuale.
Legno subfossile: caratterizzazione fisico-meccanica e chimica di due tronchi rinvenuti nella pianura veneta
MENEGHELLO, CHIARA
2021/2022
Abstract
The subfossil oak wood, also known as bog oak, is a rare material. It is the result of a long period of stay in anoxic and high humidity conditions This master degree thesis analyses two subfossil logs. The first log was found buried along the Zero river (Marcon, VE) and dated back to the III-V sec. A.D. The second log was found buried inside a bend of the Piavon river (Chiarano, TV), it is dated back to the XII-XIII sec. A.D. The study of the logs is divided in physical characterization (basic density, residual basic density, maximum water content, shrinkage, colour), chemical characterization (elemental analysis) and mechanical characterization (compressive strength and hardness). The results were compared with the values of recent oak wood (control). Basic density and maximum water content are similar to the recent wood in the intact wood sector, but they are quite different in the degraded wood. The subfossil wood has higher shrinkage for all anatomic directions and it appears dark brown/black in colour. The elemental content of the logs is higher than the recent wood; in rare occasions a lower element content than the recent wood is observed (e.g. K). Ferric content is much higher in the subfossil wood and it causes a darker colour. It is noted a lower compressive strength parallel to the fibers than the recent wood, as reported in literature, but a higher hardness, especially in the transversal section. There are not substantial differences between the two logs despite different finding areas and different permanence period in soil. As expected, greater differences are observed between degraded and non-degraded log sectors and between subfossil and recent wood.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/32007