The objective of the paper is to analyse linguistic integration policies from a diachronic perspective firstly looking at the role of the European Union and then focusing on two countries: Italy and England. The subject of this study is “new minorities” meaning non-European citizens that, for different reasons moved to Europe starting from the second half of the twentieth century; This category includes a heterogeneous group of people: economic migrants, refugees, asylum seekers but also both adults and children or adolescents, each of them with different linguistic needs. As language proficiency is one of the essential skills needed for integrating into the country of arrival, every country has developed, at different levels, its integration policy meaning initiatives to help adult migrants acquire or improve their linguistic skills and to successfully integrate ethnic students into the education system. On the other hand, linguistic skills are one of the requisites required either to enter, obtain an indefinite leave to remain or citizenship; to test these competencies, European nations introduced language tests of various levels that are considered a double-edged sword as they can become a barrier to entry or an instrument of selection but also an encouragement to learn the language given the language courses offered as preparation. Finally, integration is a bilateral process meaning that immigrants and the country of arrival should collaborate not only to achieve linguistic integration but also to preserve and valorise their mother tongues which represent a positive asset for the whole society.
L’obiettivo di questo documento è fare un’analisi, attraverso una prospettiva diacronica, delle politiche di integrazione linguistica guardando innanzitutto in generale al ruolo dell’Unione Europea in questo processo e successivamente focalizzandosi su due paesi: l’Italia e l’Inghilterra. Il soggetto di questo studio sono le “nuove minoranze” ovvero i cittadini non europei che, a partire dalla seconda metà del Novecento e con diverse motivazioni, sono emigrati in Europa. Questa categoria comprende al suo interno un gruppo eterogeneo di persone tra cui migranti economici, rifugiati e richiedenti asilo ma anche adulti, bambini e adolescenti, tutti con bisogni linguistici diversi. La conoscenza della lingua è considerata una delle abilità fondamentali per potersi integrare all’interno della società di arrivo; con questa consapevolezza, tutti i paesi europei hanno a loro modo sviluppato le proprie politiche di integrazione ovvero iniziative volte ad aiutare i migranti adulti ad acquisire o migliorare le competenze linguistiche necessarie ma anche programmi e curricula per riuscire a integrare correttamente gli studenti con background migratorio all’interno del sistema educativo. Allo stesso tempo però, la conoscenza della lingua rappresenta anche un requisito necessario per poter entrare in un paese, ottenere un permesso di soggiorno di lunga durata o la cittadinanza; allo scopo di testare queste capacità sono quindi stati introdotti dei test linguistici di vari livelli che rappresentano un’arma a doppio taglio in quanto possono diventare una barriera all’ingresso e uno strumento di selezione ma anche un incentivo all’integrazione grazie anche ai corsi messi a disposizione per prepararsi al loro svolgimento. Infine l’integrazione deve essere concepita come un processo bilaterale in cui lo stato e le persone immigrate, attraverso uno sforzo comune, collaborano non solo per raggiungere l’integrazione linguistica di quest’ultime ma anche per preservare e valorizzare la loro lingua madre in quanto valore positivo per l’intera società.
Integrazione linguistica delle "nuove minoranze". Analisi comparata tra Italia e Inghilterra
ALBERTINI, EMMA
2021/2022
Abstract
The objective of the paper is to analyse linguistic integration policies from a diachronic perspective firstly looking at the role of the European Union and then focusing on two countries: Italy and England. The subject of this study is “new minorities” meaning non-European citizens that, for different reasons moved to Europe starting from the second half of the twentieth century; This category includes a heterogeneous group of people: economic migrants, refugees, asylum seekers but also both adults and children or adolescents, each of them with different linguistic needs. As language proficiency is one of the essential skills needed for integrating into the country of arrival, every country has developed, at different levels, its integration policy meaning initiatives to help adult migrants acquire or improve their linguistic skills and to successfully integrate ethnic students into the education system. On the other hand, linguistic skills are one of the requisites required either to enter, obtain an indefinite leave to remain or citizenship; to test these competencies, European nations introduced language tests of various levels that are considered a double-edged sword as they can become a barrier to entry or an instrument of selection but also an encouragement to learn the language given the language courses offered as preparation. Finally, integration is a bilateral process meaning that immigrants and the country of arrival should collaborate not only to achieve linguistic integration but also to preserve and valorise their mother tongues which represent a positive asset for the whole society.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Albertini_Emma.pdf
accesso riservato
Dimensione
1.03 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.03 MB | Adobe PDF |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/33303