Cu belongs to the category of "trace elements", that is essential elements for organisms, but present in minimal quantities, of the order of µg / g of body weight. Cu is an essential structural and functional component of many enzymes and proteins. Antarctic waters are characterized by a high concentration of heavy metals. Specifically, copper tends to accumulate in tissues during the growth of marine organisms (bioaccumulation) and often tends to biomagnify along the aquatic food chain. The bioaccumulation of copper involves damage to the metabolic processes of growth and reproduction, very often to the enzymatic systems. These organisms are able to limit the negative effects due to an excessive presence of heavy metals in body fluids, thanks to the presence of specific adaptations, such as the synthesis of metallothioneins. Metallothioneins are proteins characterized by a high ability to bind heavy metals and can be considered the product of an evolutionary process that began thousands of years ago to address the metabolic needs of organisms related to the detoxification of heavy metals. The emergence of metallothioneins in organisms has contributed to their survival, with the consequent conservation during the evolution of this protein. The purpose of this thesis is to measure metallothioneins in organisms belonging to a species of Antarctic teleost, exposed to copper exposure under controlled laboratory conditions. The assay was performed in different organs such as liver, muscles, brain and gonads, in order to determine specific responses that could be related to the physiology of these animals.
Il Cu appartiene alla categoria degli “elementi traccia”, cioè elementi essenziali per gli organismi, ma presenti in quantità minime, dell’ordine dei µg/g di peso corporeo. Il Cu è un componente essenziale strutturale e funzionale di molti enzimi e proteine Le acque antartiche sono caratterizzate da un’elevata concentrazione di metalli pesanti. Nello specifico Il rame tende ad accumularsi nei tessuti durante la crescita degli organismi marini (bioaccumulo) e spesso tende a biomagnificare lungo la catena alimentare acquatica. Il bioaccumulo di rame, comporta danni a carico dei processi metabolici della crescita e della riproduzione, molto spesso a carico dei sistemi enzimatici. Questi organismi sono in grado di limitare gli effetti negativi dovuti ad un eccessiva presenza di metalli pesanti nei fluidi corporei, grazie alla presenza di adattamenti specifici, come la sintesi di metallotioneine. Le metallotioneine sono delle proteine caratterizzate da un’elevata capacità di legare metalli pesanti e possono essere considerate il prodotto di un processo evolutivo iniziato migliaia di anni fa per fronteggiare esigenze metaboliche degli organismi correlate alla disintossicazione dei metalli pesanti. L’affermarsi negli organismi delle metallotioneine ha contribuito alla sopravvivenza degli stessi, con la conseguente conservazione nel corso dell’evoluzione di questa proteina. Lo scopo di questa tesi è quello di dosare le metallotioneine in organismi appartenenti ad una specie di teleosteo antartico, esposti ad un esposizione di rame in condizioni controllate di laboratorio. Il dosaggio è stato effettuato in diversi organi come fegato, muscoli, cervello e gonadi, allo scopo di determinare risposte specifiche che possano essere correlate alla fisiologia di questi animali.
Contenuto di metallotioneine nel teleosteo antartico Trematomus eulepidotus esposto a rame
TRAPASSO, RICCARDO
2021/2022
Abstract
Cu belongs to the category of "trace elements", that is essential elements for organisms, but present in minimal quantities, of the order of µg / g of body weight. Cu is an essential structural and functional component of many enzymes and proteins. Antarctic waters are characterized by a high concentration of heavy metals. Specifically, copper tends to accumulate in tissues during the growth of marine organisms (bioaccumulation) and often tends to biomagnify along the aquatic food chain. The bioaccumulation of copper involves damage to the metabolic processes of growth and reproduction, very often to the enzymatic systems. These organisms are able to limit the negative effects due to an excessive presence of heavy metals in body fluids, thanks to the presence of specific adaptations, such as the synthesis of metallothioneins. Metallothioneins are proteins characterized by a high ability to bind heavy metals and can be considered the product of an evolutionary process that began thousands of years ago to address the metabolic needs of organisms related to the detoxification of heavy metals. The emergence of metallothioneins in organisms has contributed to their survival, with the consequent conservation during the evolution of this protein. The purpose of this thesis is to measure metallothioneins in organisms belonging to a species of Antarctic teleost, exposed to copper exposure under controlled laboratory conditions. The assay was performed in different organs such as liver, muscles, brain and gonads, in order to determine specific responses that could be related to the physiology of these animals.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/34950