According to Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde, democracy needs certain premises in order to survive. These premises concerning democratic ethics cannot be guaranteed by legislation or by state imposition because otherwise democracy would cease to be such; from this we understand that its dilemma is not being able to guarantee its own presuppositions. The 1930s are years in which, in Europe, there is a gradual eclipse of liberal democracy, an eclipse that becomes total during the Spanish Civil War (and not only) and that leads Spain to Francoism. Francoism has peculiarities that distinguish it from other totalitarian forms: it is a more conservative than revolutionary dictatorship; but nevertheless, it is still a dictatorship. A frightening term, a regime that governs through fear and terror, a political ideology that clashes with the concept of freedom. In this period many intellectuals have to contend with this emerging reality. Miguel de Unamuno is one of them.
Secondo Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde, la democrazia per sopravvivere ha bisogno di determinate premesse. Queste premesse che riguardano l'etica democratica non possono essere garantite per via legislativa o per imposizione di Stato perché altrimenti la democrazia cesserebbe di essere tale; da ciò capiamo che il suo dilemma è il non poter garantire i suoi stessi presupposti. Gli anni trenta sono anni in cui, in Europa, si assiste a una progressiva eclissi della democrazia liberale, un'eclissi che diventa totale durante la guerra civile spagnola (e non solo) e che porta la Spagna al franchismo. Il franchismo ha peculiarità che lo distinguono da altre forme totalitarie: è una dittatura più conservativa che rivoluzionaria; ma nonostante tutto è pur sempre una dittatura. Un termine che incute timore, un regime che utilizza la paura e il terrore per governare, un’ideologia politica che si scontra con il concetto di libertà. In questo periodo sono molti gli intellettuali che devono misurarsi con questa nascente realtà. Miguel de Unamuno è uno di loro.
Dalla repubblica alla dittatura. Miguel de Unamuno nel guado della forma di Stato spagnola.
DIDONÈ, DANISE
2021/2022
Abstract
According to Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde, democracy needs certain premises in order to survive. These premises concerning democratic ethics cannot be guaranteed by legislation or by state imposition because otherwise democracy would cease to be such; from this we understand that its dilemma is not being able to guarantee its own presuppositions. The 1930s are years in which, in Europe, there is a gradual eclipse of liberal democracy, an eclipse that becomes total during the Spanish Civil War (and not only) and that leads Spain to Francoism. Francoism has peculiarities that distinguish it from other totalitarian forms: it is a more conservative than revolutionary dictatorship; but nevertheless, it is still a dictatorship. A frightening term, a regime that governs through fear and terror, a political ideology that clashes with the concept of freedom. In this period many intellectuals have to contend with this emerging reality. Miguel de Unamuno is one of them.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/35965