Background. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a heterogeneous group of rare immune-mediated diseases whose processes have not yet been elucidated and for which biomarkers for early diagnosis are still lacking. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles involved in intercellular signaling able to carry microRNAs (miRNAs) and other mediators. miRNA are short non-coding RNA sequences (19-25 nucleotides) that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression and whose alterations have been associated with the development and progression of several autoimmune diseases. Aim of the study. This study aims to characterize plasma EVs, to explore their cellular origin and to analyze their miRNA cargo in patients with IIM. Moreover, we aim at investigating the associations between EVs features and their miRNA cargo with different IIM phenotypes. Patients and Methods. Adults (≥18 years old) affected by IIM treated at the U.O.C. of Rheumatology of Padua University Hospital and age- and sex-matched healthy donors (HD) were included in this single center cross-sectional study. Isolation of EVs was obtained by size exclusion chromatography followed by ultrafiltration. Concentration and size of EVs were assessed by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Characterization of miRNA cargo inside EVs was performed by QIAseq miRNA Library Kit followed by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Clinical and laboratory data were retrieved from the intrahospital network and they were analyzed in a cross-sectional way; parametric Student-t test and one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction tests were used for comparisons. Results. Plasma EVs were isolated from a cohort of 59 patients with IIM (F:M 1.7:1; mean±DS age 55.9±12.9 years) and compared with 60 age- and sex-matched HD. 18 patients suffered from dermatomyositis (30.5%); 8 from polymyositis (13.6%); 2 from inclusion body myositis (3.4%); 14 from cancer-associated myositis (CAM; 23.7%); 14 from anti-tRNA synthetase syndrome (23.7%); and 3 from unspecified myositis (5.1%). EVs-miRNA analysis was conducted on 21 patients and 21 HD. The concentration values of the isolated EVs reached ~1010 EVs/mL at NTA. Flow cytometry confirmed the correct isolation of EVs by the identification of typical surface markers of EVs (tetraspanins) and showed a significant prevalence of EVs with CD3-CD19+ compared with CD3+ (p<0.0001), suggesting that EVs might derive from B lymphocytes. IIM patients displayed significantly increased EVs concentrations compared to HD (p=0,0461). In addition, the presence of CAM was associated with higher EVs concentrations compared to healthy donors (p=0,003) and non-CAM patients (p=0,025). EVs concentration was found to be reduced in patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs. Analysis on EVs-miRNA revealed a different expression (DE) profile between IIM patients and HD involving 10 miRNAs. Some of the detected miRNAs exhibit immune-modulatory functions (miR-451a, miR-222-3p, miR-15a-5p), while others (miR-486-5p, miR-185-5p, miR-23b-3p) play key roles in oncogenesis and are specifically altered in CAM. miR-223-3p was significantly down-regulated in DM. Let7 family miRNAs with anti-flogistic and anti-neoplastic functions were found to be consistently down-regulated compared to HD. Conclusions. EVs are altered in patients with IIM compared with HD in terms of EVs concentration and miRNA cargo. Stratification by disease subsets suggests that different phenotypes of IIM are associated with different miRNA profiles, with functional and potentially therapeutic implications. Thus, our data suggest a possible role of EVs as potential biomarkers for early detection of specific IIM phenotypes and treatment response, while underscoring the importance of characterizing the epigenetic profile of patients with IIM in a precision medicine vision based on the endotypic framing of clinically and pathogenetically heterogeneous conditions
Introduzione. Le miopatie infiammatorie idiopatiche (MII) sono un gruppo eterogeneo di malattie rare immuno-mediate con meccanismi poco noti e per le quali sono ancora carenti biomarcatori per la diagnosi precoce. Le vescicole extracellulari (EVs) sono nanoparticelle implicate nel signaling intercellulare in grado di trasportare microRNA (miRNA) e altri mediatori. I miRNA sono sequenze di RNA non codificante che regolano l’espressione genica post-trascrizionale e le cui alterazioni sono state associate allo sviluppo e progressione di diverse malattie autoimmuni. Attualmente, il ruolo degli EVs-miRNA nelle MII non è stato esaustivamente esplorato. Scopo dello studio. Lo scopo dello studio è di caratterizzare le EVs plasmatiche, esplorarne l’origine e determinarne il cargo di miRNA in pazienti con MII. Ci proponiamo di indagare le associazioni tra le caratteristiche delle EVs e diversi fenotipi di MII. Pazienti e metodi. In questo studio trasversale sono stati reclutati pazienti adulti (≥18 anni) affetti da MII in follow-up presso l'U.O.C. di Reumatologia dell'Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova e donatori sani (HD) appaiati per età e sesso. Le EVs sono state isolate tramite cromatografia ad esclusione dimensionale seguita da ultrafiltrazione. Le concentrazioni delle EVs sono state valutate tramite Nanoparticle tracking analysis(NTA). La caratterizzazione del cargo di miRNA delle EVs è stata realizzata mediante QIAseq miRNA Library Kit seguita da Next Generation Sequencing. I dati clinici sono stati ottenuti della rete intraospedaliera e sono stati analizzati in modo trasversale; per i confronti sono stati utilizzati i test parametrici t di Student e one-wayANOVA con correzione di Bonferroni. Risultati. Sono state isolate EVs plasmatiche da una coorte di 59 pazienti con MII (F:M 1,7:1; età media±DS 56±13 anni) e confrontate con 60 HD appaiati per età e sesso. 18 pazienti erano affetti da dermatomiosite; 8 da polimiosite; 2 da miosite a corpi inclusi; 14 da miosite associata a cancro (CAM); 14 da sindrome anti-tRNA sintetasi; 3 da miosite non specificata. L’analisi degli EVs-miRNA è stata condotta su 21 pazienti e 21 HD. I valori di concentrazione delle EVs isolate hanno raggiunto 1010 EV/mL all’NTA. La IFC ha confermato il corretto isolamento di EVs grazie all’identificazione di marcatori di superficie specifici (tetraspanine) e ha evidenziato una prevalenza di EVs CD3-CD19+ rispetto a CD3+ (p<0,0001), suggerendo una potenziale derivazione dai linfociti B. I pazienti con MII hanno mostrato concentrazioni di EVs maggiori rispetto ai HD (p=0,0461). La presenza di CAM è stata associata a maggiori concentrazioni di EVs rispetto ai HD (p=0,003) e ai pazienti non-CAM (p=0,025). La concentrazione delle EVs è risultata ridotta in pazienti sottoposti a immunosoppressione. L’analisi sugli EVs-miRNA ha evidenziato un'espressione differenziale tra pazienti e HD per 10 miRNA. Alcuni miRNA presentano funzioni immuno-modulatorie (miR-451a, miR-222-3p, miR-15a-5p), altri (miR-486-5p, miR-185-5p, miR-23b-3p) regolano l’oncogenesi e si presentano alterati nelle CAM. miR-223-3p è downregolato nelle DM. I miRNA della famiglia let7 con funzione anti-flogistica e anti-neoplastica erano sempre downregolati rispetto ai HD. Conclusioni. Le EVs sono alterate nei pazienti con MII rispetto ai HD in termini di concentrazione e cargo di miRNA. La stratificazione per subset di malattia suggerisce che diversi fenotipi di MII siano associati a diversi profili miRNA, con implicazioni funzionali e potenzialmente terapeutiche. I nostri dati suggeriscono quindi un possibile ruolo delle EVs come potenziali biomarcatori per la diagnosi precoce di specifici fenotipi di MII e per la risposta al trattamento, sottolineando al contempo l’importanza della caratterizzazione del profilo epigenetico dei pazienti con MII in una visione di medicina di precisione basata sull’inquadramento endotipico di condizioni clinicamente eterogenee.
Associazioni cliniche, origine cellulare e caratterizzazione del cargo delle vescicole extracellulari in pazienti affetti da miopatie infiammatorie idiopatiche: studio trasversale monocentrico
RAGNO, DAVIDE
2021/2022
Abstract
Background. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a heterogeneous group of rare immune-mediated diseases whose processes have not yet been elucidated and for which biomarkers for early diagnosis are still lacking. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles involved in intercellular signaling able to carry microRNAs (miRNAs) and other mediators. miRNA are short non-coding RNA sequences (19-25 nucleotides) that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression and whose alterations have been associated with the development and progression of several autoimmune diseases. Aim of the study. This study aims to characterize plasma EVs, to explore their cellular origin and to analyze their miRNA cargo in patients with IIM. Moreover, we aim at investigating the associations between EVs features and their miRNA cargo with different IIM phenotypes. Patients and Methods. Adults (≥18 years old) affected by IIM treated at the U.O.C. of Rheumatology of Padua University Hospital and age- and sex-matched healthy donors (HD) were included in this single center cross-sectional study. Isolation of EVs was obtained by size exclusion chromatography followed by ultrafiltration. Concentration and size of EVs were assessed by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Characterization of miRNA cargo inside EVs was performed by QIAseq miRNA Library Kit followed by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Clinical and laboratory data were retrieved from the intrahospital network and they were analyzed in a cross-sectional way; parametric Student-t test and one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction tests were used for comparisons. Results. Plasma EVs were isolated from a cohort of 59 patients with IIM (F:M 1.7:1; mean±DS age 55.9±12.9 years) and compared with 60 age- and sex-matched HD. 18 patients suffered from dermatomyositis (30.5%); 8 from polymyositis (13.6%); 2 from inclusion body myositis (3.4%); 14 from cancer-associated myositis (CAM; 23.7%); 14 from anti-tRNA synthetase syndrome (23.7%); and 3 from unspecified myositis (5.1%). EVs-miRNA analysis was conducted on 21 patients and 21 HD. The concentration values of the isolated EVs reached ~1010 EVs/mL at NTA. Flow cytometry confirmed the correct isolation of EVs by the identification of typical surface markers of EVs (tetraspanins) and showed a significant prevalence of EVs with CD3-CD19+ compared with CD3+ (p<0.0001), suggesting that EVs might derive from B lymphocytes. IIM patients displayed significantly increased EVs concentrations compared to HD (p=0,0461). In addition, the presence of CAM was associated with higher EVs concentrations compared to healthy donors (p=0,003) and non-CAM patients (p=0,025). EVs concentration was found to be reduced in patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs. Analysis on EVs-miRNA revealed a different expression (DE) profile between IIM patients and HD involving 10 miRNAs. Some of the detected miRNAs exhibit immune-modulatory functions (miR-451a, miR-222-3p, miR-15a-5p), while others (miR-486-5p, miR-185-5p, miR-23b-3p) play key roles in oncogenesis and are specifically altered in CAM. miR-223-3p was significantly down-regulated in DM. Let7 family miRNAs with anti-flogistic and anti-neoplastic functions were found to be consistently down-regulated compared to HD. Conclusions. EVs are altered in patients with IIM compared with HD in terms of EVs concentration and miRNA cargo. Stratification by disease subsets suggests that different phenotypes of IIM are associated with different miRNA profiles, with functional and potentially therapeutic implications. Thus, our data suggest a possible role of EVs as potential biomarkers for early detection of specific IIM phenotypes and treatment response, while underscoring the importance of characterizing the epigenetic profile of patients with IIM in a precision medicine vision based on the endotypic framing of clinically and pathogenetically heterogeneous conditionsFile | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
RAGNO_DAVIDE.pdf
accesso aperto
Dimensione
3.63 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
3.63 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
The text of this website © Università degli studi di Padova. Full Text are published under a non-exclusive license. Metadata are under a CC0 License
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/36445