Introduction and Purpose: Parkinson's disease represents the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and one of the most responsible conditions for disability in the world, causing an increasingly considerable social and economic burden. It is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by a varied and heterogeneous spectrum of clinical manifestations; therefore, neuromotor rehabilitation assumes a very important role in the treatment of this disease. Because of the complexity and diversity of symptoms, a holistic and multidisciplinary approach, involving a team of specialists, is necessary to achieve the most effective rehabilitation possible. "Multidisciplinary Intensive Rehabilitation Treatment" (MIRT) is one of the most established multidisciplinary care modalities for this disease. The objective of this thesis is to highlight the scientific evidence in favor of multidisciplinary rehabilitation treatment, particularly the MIRT protocol, and to describe a prototype of clinical practice, emphasizing the role of the physical therapist in this method. Materials and methods: after explaining the multifaceted nature of Parkinson's disease and why it needs a multidisciplinary approach, a narrative review of the literature and the main clinical studies regarding the MIRT protocol was performed, highlighting the scientific evidence and the main concepts behind each treatment. A clinical practice proposal developed by the "STUDIOERRE" clinic in Brescia was, then, described in detail, containing: the organization, the set of interventions and the assessment scales used. Results: clinical trials have demonstrated important evidence in favor of the validity of this protocol and its rehabilitative efficacy, finding improvements in many aspects of patients' clinical condition and motor performance. The main results of the clinical trials, regarding the MIRT protocol, include improvements in motor and functional performance, the ability to reduce the daily dosage of drug therapy, and an overall increase in patients' quality of life. Conclusions: the favorable results obtained, testify the importance of multidisciplinary rehabilitation proposals, and in fact, a team-based care approach for the treatment of this pathology now seems inevitable. Although this general consensus, the widespread implementation of models such as MIRT in everyday clinical practice remains, unfortunately, still limited.
Introduzione e scopo: La malattia di Parkinson rappresenta la seconda patologia neurodegenerativa più comune ed una tra le condizioni maggiormente responsabili di disabilità al mondo, causando un onere sociale ed economico sempre più considerevole. È un disturbo neurodegenerativo progressivo, caratterizzato da uno spettro vario ed eterogeneo di manifestazioni cliniche; pertanto, la riabilitazione neuromotoria assume un ruolo fondamentale nel trattamento di questa patologia. A causa della complessità e della diversità dei sintomi, è necessario un approccio olistico e multidisciplinare che coinvolga un’équipe di specialisti per ottenere una riabilitazione il più efficacie possibile. Il “Trattamento Riabilitativo Multidisciplinare Intensivo” (MIRT) è una tra le più affermate modalità di assistenza multidisciplinare per questa malattia. L’obiettivo di questa tesi è sottolineare le evidenze scientifiche a favore del trattamento riabilitativo multidisciplinare, in particolare del protocollo MIRT e di descrivere un prototipo di pratica clinica, sottolineando il ruolo del fisioterapista in questo metodo. Materiali e metodi: dopo aver esposto la natura multiforme della malattia di Parkinson ed il perché necessiti un approccio multidisciplinare, è stata eseguita una revisione narrativa della letteratura e dei principali studi clinici riguardanti il protocollo MIRT, sottolineando le evidenze scientifiche ed i principali concetti dietro ad ogni trattamento. È stato, poi, dettagliatamente descritta una proposta di pratica clinica sviluppata dalla clinica “STUDIOERRE” di Brescia, contenente: l’organizzazione, l’insieme degli interventi e le scale di valutazione utilizzate. Risultati: gli studi clinici hanno dimostrato importanti evidenze a favore della validità di tale protocollo e della sua efficacia riabilitativa, riscontrando miglioramenti in molti aspetti della condizione clinica e della performance motoria dei pazienti. I principali risultati dei trials clinici riguardanti il protocollo MIRT comprendono miglioramenti nelle prestazioni motorie e funzionali, nella possibilità di ridurre il dosaggio giornaliero di terapia farmacologica e nell’aumento generale della qualità della vita dei pazienti. Conclusioni: i favorevoli risultati ottenuti, testimoniano l’importanza di proposte riabilitative multidisciplinari, ed infatti, sembra ormai inevitabile un approccio assistenziale in équipe per il trattamento di tale patologia. Sebbene questo generale consenso, l’attuazione diffusa di modelli come il MIRT nella pratica clinica di tutti i giorni rimane, purtroppo, ancora limitata.
IL TRATTAMENTO RIABILITATIVO MULTIDISCIPLINARE INTENSIVO (MIRT) PER LA MALATTIA DI PARKINSON: EVIDENZE SCIENTIFICHE E DESCRIZIONE DI UNA PROPOSTA DI TRATTAMENTO
BARBIERI, FILIPPO
2021/2022
Abstract
Introduction and Purpose: Parkinson's disease represents the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and one of the most responsible conditions for disability in the world, causing an increasingly considerable social and economic burden. It is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by a varied and heterogeneous spectrum of clinical manifestations; therefore, neuromotor rehabilitation assumes a very important role in the treatment of this disease. Because of the complexity and diversity of symptoms, a holistic and multidisciplinary approach, involving a team of specialists, is necessary to achieve the most effective rehabilitation possible. "Multidisciplinary Intensive Rehabilitation Treatment" (MIRT) is one of the most established multidisciplinary care modalities for this disease. The objective of this thesis is to highlight the scientific evidence in favor of multidisciplinary rehabilitation treatment, particularly the MIRT protocol, and to describe a prototype of clinical practice, emphasizing the role of the physical therapist in this method. Materials and methods: after explaining the multifaceted nature of Parkinson's disease and why it needs a multidisciplinary approach, a narrative review of the literature and the main clinical studies regarding the MIRT protocol was performed, highlighting the scientific evidence and the main concepts behind each treatment. A clinical practice proposal developed by the "STUDIOERRE" clinic in Brescia was, then, described in detail, containing: the organization, the set of interventions and the assessment scales used. Results: clinical trials have demonstrated important evidence in favor of the validity of this protocol and its rehabilitative efficacy, finding improvements in many aspects of patients' clinical condition and motor performance. The main results of the clinical trials, regarding the MIRT protocol, include improvements in motor and functional performance, the ability to reduce the daily dosage of drug therapy, and an overall increase in patients' quality of life. Conclusions: the favorable results obtained, testify the importance of multidisciplinary rehabilitation proposals, and in fact, a team-based care approach for the treatment of this pathology now seems inevitable. Although this general consensus, the widespread implementation of models such as MIRT in everyday clinical practice remains, unfortunately, still limited.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/38652