Objective: This study has a double aim. The first is to put in evidence the clinical aspects of tendinopathy, and secondly to assess the effectiveness of therapeutic exercise and manual therapy as conservative treatment in Achilles and patellar tendinopathy. In particular we will examine more in depth the main available strategies of joint mobilizations and the most efficient exercises in accordance with the needs of the patient. Materials and Methods: The study has been divided into two steps. Firstly has been conducted a bibliographic research in order to understand better this disease, analyzing articles collected in the PUBMED and COCHRANE Collaboration databases. The following keywords has been used: "Achilles tendinopathy", "patellar tendinopathy" associated, through the boolean operator AND, for other keywords such as “risk factors”, “etiology” and “pain”. In a second step, it has been used a second study, in the same database. The research has been performed with the following keywords: "Achilles tendinopathy", "patellar tendinopathy", "rehabilitation", "nonoperative treatment" and "manual therapy" with the use of the boolean operators AND and OR, has been performed. Both studies has been limited to the English language, without any time limits concerning documentation pathology, while for the second search were excluded studies dating back more than 10 years ago. Results: The research about tendon pathology, has been supported by obtaining and analyzing thirtysix articles, while for the manual treatment has been accepted only three articles, because the remaining didn’t have a very high degree of evidence about tendinopaties. Regarding therapeutic exercise, ten articles were accepted that don’t approve the eccentric exercise as gold standard. Conclusions: Mechanisms of pain in tendinopathy seem not to be yet clear. Therapeutic exercise with progressive load demonstrates to be the best option for the physiotherapist as an efficient resolution of symptomatology in athletic and sedentary patients during acute fase. A not negligible objective is the education of the patient in order to develop self-awareness of the condition and, then, obtain associative learning during the recovery.
Obiettivi: Questo studio ha un duplice scopo. Il primo è identificare e inquadrare clinicamente una tendinopatia e, in seconda battuta, stabilire l’efficacia dell’esercizio terapeutico e terapia manuale come trattamento conservativo della tendinopatia achillea e rotulea. In particolare si andranno ad approfondire le principali tecniche di mobilizzazione articolare disponibili e le tipologie di esercizio più efficaci a seconda del paziente e dei suoi obiettivi. Materiali e metodi: La ricerca è stata condotta i due fasi. La prima prevedeva una ricerca bibliografica per comprendere meglio la patologia, utilizzando le banche dati PUBMED e COCHRANE COLLABORATION. Le parole chiave utilizzate sono state: "Achilles tendinopathy", "patellar tendinopathy" associate, tramite l’operatore booleano AND, ad altre parole chiave come "risk factors", "etiology" e "pain". In un secondo momento è stata effettuata un’ulteriore ricerca nei medesimi database. Sono state utilizzate le seguenti parole chiave: "Achilles tendinopathy", "patellar tendinopathy", "rehabilitation", "nonoperative treatment", e "manual therapy" con l’utilizzo degli operatori booleani AND e OR. Entrambe le ricerche sono limitate alla sola lingua inglese, senza limitazioni di tempo per la documentazione della patologia, mentre per la seconda parte sono stati esclusi studi risalenti a più di 10 anni fa. Risultati: Per la documentazione della patologia tendinea sono stati reperiti e analizzati trentasei articoli, mentre per la parte del trattamento manuale sono stati accettati solo tre articoli, in quanto i rimanenti presentavano un livello di evidenza piuttosto basso sulle tendinopatie. Riguardo all’esercizio sono stati accettati dieci articoli, i quali non accolgono l’esercizio eccentrico come gold standard. Conclusioni: I meccanismi del dolore nella tendinopatia non sembrano essere ancora del tutto chiariti. L’esercizio terapeutico a carico progressivo dimostra essere la miglior opzione per il fisioterapista nella risoluzione efficace della sintomatologia in pazienti sportivi e non in fase acuta. Un obiettivo non trascurabile risulta essere la presa in carico educativa del paziente perché possa sviluppare una presa di coscienza della problematica e successivamente un apprendimento associativo durante il recupero.
RUOLO DELL’ESERCIZIO TERAPEUTICO E TERAPIA MANUALE COME STRATEGIE DI RECUPERO NELLA TENDINOPATIA ACHILLEA E ROTULEA: REVISIONE DELLA LETTERATURA
MARTIGNON, RICCARDO
2021/2022
Abstract
Objective: This study has a double aim. The first is to put in evidence the clinical aspects of tendinopathy, and secondly to assess the effectiveness of therapeutic exercise and manual therapy as conservative treatment in Achilles and patellar tendinopathy. In particular we will examine more in depth the main available strategies of joint mobilizations and the most efficient exercises in accordance with the needs of the patient. Materials and Methods: The study has been divided into two steps. Firstly has been conducted a bibliographic research in order to understand better this disease, analyzing articles collected in the PUBMED and COCHRANE Collaboration databases. The following keywords has been used: "Achilles tendinopathy", "patellar tendinopathy" associated, through the boolean operator AND, for other keywords such as “risk factors”, “etiology” and “pain”. In a second step, it has been used a second study, in the same database. The research has been performed with the following keywords: "Achilles tendinopathy", "patellar tendinopathy", "rehabilitation", "nonoperative treatment" and "manual therapy" with the use of the boolean operators AND and OR, has been performed. Both studies has been limited to the English language, without any time limits concerning documentation pathology, while for the second search were excluded studies dating back more than 10 years ago. Results: The research about tendon pathology, has been supported by obtaining and analyzing thirtysix articles, while for the manual treatment has been accepted only three articles, because the remaining didn’t have a very high degree of evidence about tendinopaties. Regarding therapeutic exercise, ten articles were accepted that don’t approve the eccentric exercise as gold standard. Conclusions: Mechanisms of pain in tendinopathy seem not to be yet clear. Therapeutic exercise with progressive load demonstrates to be the best option for the physiotherapist as an efficient resolution of symptomatology in athletic and sedentary patients during acute fase. A not negligible objective is the education of the patient in order to develop self-awareness of the condition and, then, obtain associative learning during the recovery.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/38677