The objective is to determine which is the best food-grade gas mixture to use for the packaging of alive bivalve molluscs (Mytilus galloprovincialis) to increase their shelf-life. So, microbiological and organoleptic changes, occurring during storage at refrigerated temperature, of product packaged with different oxygen contents were monitored. Watergrown mussels were obtained from a local shellfish purification center (CDM), packed in atmospheric air, vacuum (VP) and using a protective atmosphere (MAP) at different concentrations (30%/70% CO₂/N₂, 50%/50% CO₂/N₂, 80%/20% CO₂/N₂) and stored between 0° and +4°C. The results of the study showed that samples sealed in MAP and VP retarded microbial growth compared to samples packed in air. The inhibition of bacterial growth increased proportionally to the concentration of CO₂ in the heat-sealed package. Based on the evaluation of smell and taste, samples with a CO₂ concentration ≥50% remained acceptable until day 14, while VP and air-packed mussel samples remained acceptable until approximately 6-7 and 4-5 days of storage, respectively. Based primarily on sensory parameters, microbiological parameters and in terms of industrial costs, the gas mixture consisting of 50%/50% CO₂/N₂ was the most effective for the production of this type of product for large-scale distribution (GDO). The product packaged with this mixture was then subjected to a shelf-life test with 'thermal stress' at 8°C, which showed how the microbiological indicators, identified throughout the test, could be considered compliant. In fact, even in the face of thermal abuse, the environment created inside the package keeps the microbial population stable and inhibits its proliferation, achieving a shelf-life of 10 days. With the MAP 50%/50% CO₂/N₂ packaging, an extension of the shelf life of chilled live mussels by an additional 5-6 days can be reached.
L’obiettivo è determinare quale sia la migliore miscela di gas tecnici alimentari da utilizzare per il confezionamento di molluschi bivalvi vivi (Mytilus galloprovincialis) per incrementarne la shelf-life. Sono stati quindi monitorati i cambiamenti microbiologici e organolettici, avvenuti durante la conservazione a temperatura refrigerata, di prodotto confezionato con diversi tenori di ossigeno. I mitili coltivati in acqua sono stati ottenuti da un centro di depurazione molluschi (CDM) locale, confezionati in aria atmosferica, sottovuoto (VP) e con l’utilizzo di atmosfera protettiva (MAP) a diverse concentrazioni (30%/70% CO₂/N₂, 50%/50% CO₂/N₂, 80%/20% CO₂/N₂) e conservati tra 0° e +4°C. I risultati dello studio hanno dimostrato che i campioni chiusi in MAP e VP hanno ritardato la crescita microbica rispetto a quella dei campioni confezionati in aria. L'inibizione della crescita batterica è aumentata proporzionalmente alla concentrazione di CO₂ nella confezione termosaldata. In base alla valutazione dell'odore e del sapore, i campioni con concentrazione di CO₂ ≥ 50% sono rimasti accettabili fino al quattordicesimo giorno, mentre i campioni di cozze VP e confezionati in aria sono rimasti accettabili rispettivamente fino a circa 6-7 e 4-5 giorni di conservazione. Sulla base principalmente dei criteri di giudizio sensoriali, dei parametri microbiologici e in termini di costi industriali, la miscela di gas composta da 50%/50% CO₂/N₂ è risultata la più efficace per la produzione di questa tipologia di prodotto destinata alla grande distribuzione (GDO). Il prodotto confezionato con questa miscela è stato quindi sottoposto ad un test di shelf-life con “stress termico” a 8°C, che ha dimostrato come l’andamento degli indicatori microbiologici, individuati durante l’intera prova, possono considerarsi conformi. Infatti, anche a fronte di un abuso termico, l’ambiente creatosi all’interno della confezione mantiene stabile la popolazione microbica e ne inibisce la proliferazione, raggiungendo una shelf-life di 10 giorni. Con il confezionamento MAP 50%/50% CO₂/N₂ è possibile ottenere un'estensione della durata di conservazione di mitili vivi refrigerati di ulteriori 5-6 giorni.
Incremento della shelf-life di Mytilus galloprovincialis confezionati in atmosfera protettiva con l’utilizzo di miscele di gas tecnici alimentari.
BENETTI, KEVIN
2021/2022
Abstract
The objective is to determine which is the best food-grade gas mixture to use for the packaging of alive bivalve molluscs (Mytilus galloprovincialis) to increase their shelf-life. So, microbiological and organoleptic changes, occurring during storage at refrigerated temperature, of product packaged with different oxygen contents were monitored. Watergrown mussels were obtained from a local shellfish purification center (CDM), packed in atmospheric air, vacuum (VP) and using a protective atmosphere (MAP) at different concentrations (30%/70% CO₂/N₂, 50%/50% CO₂/N₂, 80%/20% CO₂/N₂) and stored between 0° and +4°C. The results of the study showed that samples sealed in MAP and VP retarded microbial growth compared to samples packed in air. The inhibition of bacterial growth increased proportionally to the concentration of CO₂ in the heat-sealed package. Based on the evaluation of smell and taste, samples with a CO₂ concentration ≥50% remained acceptable until day 14, while VP and air-packed mussel samples remained acceptable until approximately 6-7 and 4-5 days of storage, respectively. Based primarily on sensory parameters, microbiological parameters and in terms of industrial costs, the gas mixture consisting of 50%/50% CO₂/N₂ was the most effective for the production of this type of product for large-scale distribution (GDO). The product packaged with this mixture was then subjected to a shelf-life test with 'thermal stress' at 8°C, which showed how the microbiological indicators, identified throughout the test, could be considered compliant. In fact, even in the face of thermal abuse, the environment created inside the package keeps the microbial population stable and inhibits its proliferation, achieving a shelf-life of 10 days. With the MAP 50%/50% CO₂/N₂ packaging, an extension of the shelf life of chilled live mussels by an additional 5-6 days can be reached.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/40810