nulin is a polysaccharide of natural origin found in many plants that use it as a reserve compound, storing it in roots or tubers. This compound has many extremely versatile characteristics that allow inulin to meet a variety of nutritional needs of consumers. In fact, it is used in multiple sectors such as the food, pharmaceutical and feed industries. In addition, inulin can be recovered from by-products and thus has excellent potential with regard to sustainability issues from both an environmental and energy and cost perspective. Because of its many characteristics, commonly extracted plant matrices containing inulin mainly involve chicory roots, the raw material from which most commercially available inulin is derived and which is followed by Jerusalem artichoke tubers and artichoke inflorescences. Also presented are innovative and promising raw materials such as yacon and burdock roots, which are of interest especially for their prebiotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties followed by little-known plant matrices used in the Western world such as dandelion roots and agave. Once the most commonly used plant matrices for inulin extraction have been outlined, the main extraction technologies are described in order to be able to exploit and make the most of this compound. In particular, the more traditional and energy- and cost-intensive extraction technologies are replaced by less conventional ones such as ultrasound-assisted extraction technologies, microwaves, enzymes, pulsed electric fields and supercritical CO2 extraction. In fact, the objective is to provide a broad description of what are the inulin extraction and enhancement technologies in order to compare them with what are the new ideas and proposals patented at the company level. This comparison was carried out with a systematic analysis procedure called "text mining" in which we went to identify and outline what aspects tend to be researched most on the issue concerning inulin extraction
L’inulina è un polisaccaride di origine naturale presente in molte piante che la utilizzano come composto di riserva, stoccandola nelle radici o nei tuberi. Tale composto presenta numerose caratteristiche estremamente versatili che permettono all’inulina di rispondere a una serie di esigenze nutrizionali dei consumatori. Infatti, essa è utilizzata in molteplici settori quali l’industria alimentare, farmaceutica e mangimistica. Inoltre, l’inulina può essere recuperata a partire da sottoprodotti e presenta pertanto un ottimo potenziale per quanto riguarda i temi sulla sostenibilità sia dal punto di vista ambientale ed energetico che a livello di costi. Per le sue numerose caratteristiche, le matrici vegetali di estrazione comunemente contenenti inulina riguardano principalmente le radici di cicoria, materia prima dalla quale deriva la maggior parte dell’inulina disponibile in commercio e alla quale seguono i tuberi di topinambur e le infiorescenze di carciofo. Vengono presentate inoltre, materie prime innovative e promettenti quali le radici di yacon e bardana, interessanti soprattutto per le loro proprietà prebiotiche, antiossidanti e antiinfiammatorie seguite da matrici vegetali poco conosciute e utilizzate nel mondo occidentale come le radici di tarassaco e l’agave. Una volta delineate le matrici vegetali maggiormente utilizzate per l’estrazione dell’inulina vengono descritte le principali tecnologie di estrazione al fine di poter sfruttare e valorizzare al meglio tale composto. In particolare, le tecnologie di estrazione più tradizionali e dispendiose dal punto di vista energetico e di costi vengono sostituite da quelle meno convenzionali quali le tecnologie di estrazione assistita da ultrasuoni, microonde, enzimi, campi elettrici pulsati ed estrazione con CO2 supercritica. L’obiettivo infatti è quello di fornire un’ampia descrizione di quelle che sono le tecnologie di estrazione e valorizzazione dell’inulina al fine di metterle a confronto con quelle che sono le nuove idee e proposte brevettate a livello aziendale. Tale confronto è stato eseguito con una procedura di analisi sistematica definita “text mining” in cui si è andati a individuare e delineare quali fossero gli aspetti su cui si tende a fare maggiormente ricerca sulla questione riguardante l’estrazione dell’inulina.
Estrazione dell'inulina: un confronto delle tecnologie di recupero tra letteratura scientifica e brevetti
BUZU, TUDORITA
2021/2022
Abstract
nulin is a polysaccharide of natural origin found in many plants that use it as a reserve compound, storing it in roots or tubers. This compound has many extremely versatile characteristics that allow inulin to meet a variety of nutritional needs of consumers. In fact, it is used in multiple sectors such as the food, pharmaceutical and feed industries. In addition, inulin can be recovered from by-products and thus has excellent potential with regard to sustainability issues from both an environmental and energy and cost perspective. Because of its many characteristics, commonly extracted plant matrices containing inulin mainly involve chicory roots, the raw material from which most commercially available inulin is derived and which is followed by Jerusalem artichoke tubers and artichoke inflorescences. Also presented are innovative and promising raw materials such as yacon and burdock roots, which are of interest especially for their prebiotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties followed by little-known plant matrices used in the Western world such as dandelion roots and agave. Once the most commonly used plant matrices for inulin extraction have been outlined, the main extraction technologies are described in order to be able to exploit and make the most of this compound. In particular, the more traditional and energy- and cost-intensive extraction technologies are replaced by less conventional ones such as ultrasound-assisted extraction technologies, microwaves, enzymes, pulsed electric fields and supercritical CO2 extraction. In fact, the objective is to provide a broad description of what are the inulin extraction and enhancement technologies in order to compare them with what are the new ideas and proposals patented at the company level. This comparison was carried out with a systematic analysis procedure called "text mining" in which we went to identify and outline what aspects tend to be researched most on the issue concerning inulin extractionFile | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/40819