Radiocaesium (Cs-137) contamination in woody biomass is a reported problem since 2009. The present thesis aims to highlight the possible problem related to the radioactivity of woody biomass, in particular to the management of the waste by-product, that is ashes, a material in which radionuclides seem to be concentrated more. As can be seen from the title, the area of study directed to the pursuit of the purpose is the province of Trento, a territory characterized by a predominantly wooded landscape and an important location for the production of woody biomass, in particular wood chips. The wood chips produced feed different biomass plants even outside the provincial border. Taken from literature the fact that radionuclides, including Cesium-137, are more concentrated in ashes, it is important to direct the operators of the sector towards a greater attention in the management and disposal of the same. Through a circumscribed and well distributed sampling within the province of Trento are taken 27 samples of wood chips distributed homogeneously within the 9 Forest Districts that divide the province of Trento. The samples, from which the pellets are produced and incinerated, are qualitatively analyzed at the Biofuel Analysis laboratory and then analyzed for radioactivity at the CNR-ICMATE laboratory where the presence of Cs-137 in the 27 ash samples and in three wood chip samples as such. The results show the modest but widespread content of Cs-137 in forest ash from the province of Trento, in line with other European forest areas. However, a problem is the possible accumulation linked to biomass plants, this is why the investigation is mainly aimed at directing towards a correct treatment of ashes and also at pursuing the objective of informing and further highlighting the problem in order to put an effective limit of tolerability that not existing today and creating a clean and safe energy supply chain, gradually abandoning the use of fossil fuels.
La contaminazione da radiocesio (Cs-137) nelle biomasse legnose è un problema segnalato a partire dal 2009. La presente tesi è volta a evidenziare l’eventuale problema relativo alla radioattività delle biomasse legnose, in particolare alla gestione del sottoprodotto di scarto, ovvero le ceneri, materiale nel quale sembrano concentrarsi maggiormente i radionuclidi. Come si evince dal titolo, l’area di studio indirizzata al perseguimento dell’obiettivo è la provincia di Trento, territorio caratterizzato da un paesaggio prevalentemente boschivo e sede importante di produzione di biomasse legnose, in particolare di cippato. Il cippato prodotto alimenta differenti centrali a biomassa anche al di fuori del confine provinciale. Assunto da letteratura il fatto che i radionuclidi, tra cui il Cs-137, si concentrano maggiormente nelle ceneri, è importante indirizzare gli operanti del settore verso una maggior attenzione nella gestione e smaltimento delle stesse. Attraverso un campionamento circoscritto e ben distribuito all’interno della provincia di Trento sono prelevati 27 campioni di cippato distribuiti omogeneamente all’interno dei 9 Distretti Forestali che dividono la provincia di Trento. I campioni, dai quali viene prodotto e incenerito il pellet, sono analizzati qualitativamente presso il laboratorio Analisi Biocombustibili e successivamente analizzati per quanto concerne la radioattività presso il laboratorio CNR-ICMATE dove è rilevata la presenza di Cs-137 nei 27 campioni di cenere e in tre campioni di cippato tal quale. I risultati evidenziano il modesto ma diffuso contenuto di Cs-137 nelle ceneri di cippato forestale proveniente dalla provincia di Trento, in linea con altre aree forestali europee. Rappresenta però un problema l’eventuale accumulo legato agli impianti a biomassa, motivo per il quale l’indagine è rivolta soprattutto a indirizzare verso un corretto trattamento delle ceneri e inoltre a perseguire l’obiettivo di informare ed evidenziare ulteriormente il problema al fine di porre un limite effettivo di tollerabilità ad oggi inesistente, creando così una filiera energetica pulita e sicura, abbandonando gradualmente l’impiego dei combustibili fossili.
Analisi del contenuto di radionuclidi nel cippato prodotto in alcune zone della provincia di Trento
PRADEL, NICOLÒ
2021/2022
Abstract
Radiocaesium (Cs-137) contamination in woody biomass is a reported problem since 2009. The present thesis aims to highlight the possible problem related to the radioactivity of woody biomass, in particular to the management of the waste by-product, that is ashes, a material in which radionuclides seem to be concentrated more. As can be seen from the title, the area of study directed to the pursuit of the purpose is the province of Trento, a territory characterized by a predominantly wooded landscape and an important location for the production of woody biomass, in particular wood chips. The wood chips produced feed different biomass plants even outside the provincial border. Taken from literature the fact that radionuclides, including Cesium-137, are more concentrated in ashes, it is important to direct the operators of the sector towards a greater attention in the management and disposal of the same. Through a circumscribed and well distributed sampling within the province of Trento are taken 27 samples of wood chips distributed homogeneously within the 9 Forest Districts that divide the province of Trento. The samples, from which the pellets are produced and incinerated, are qualitatively analyzed at the Biofuel Analysis laboratory and then analyzed for radioactivity at the CNR-ICMATE laboratory where the presence of Cs-137 in the 27 ash samples and in three wood chip samples as such. The results show the modest but widespread content of Cs-137 in forest ash from the province of Trento, in line with other European forest areas. However, a problem is the possible accumulation linked to biomass plants, this is why the investigation is mainly aimed at directing towards a correct treatment of ashes and also at pursuing the objective of informing and further highlighting the problem in order to put an effective limit of tolerability that not existing today and creating a clean and safe energy supply chain, gradually abandoning the use of fossil fuels.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/42386