-Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the cause of more than 200,000 deaths worldwide each year. Affected patients have a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Due to the rapidity of the progression of the tumor and the clinical conditions of the subjects, monitoring the progress of the disease over time by means of a traditional biopsy is particularly complex. In this context, liquid biopsy is proving to be a valid alternative for patient stratification and monitoring, thanks to its ease of execution and minimal invasiveness. The aim of this study is to identify circulating biomarkers predictive of PFS in patients with SCLC undergoing the carboplatin-etoposide-atezolizumab regimen. Secondly, an evaluation of the tolerability profile of the therapy and the description of the characteristics of the real-world population under treatment was carried out. Currently, with the study still in progress, 20 patients have been enrolled. For each of them, blood samples were obtained at time T0 (diagnosis), T1 (first cycle), T2 (second cycle) and T3 (progression). Thanks to the use of NGS and RT-PCR techniques, it was then possible to evaluate the concentration of circulating cfDNA, the Vaf (Variant allele frequency) of the TP53 and RB1 genes, the presence of chromosomal instability and the circulating levels of specific miRNAs involved in tumor progression. CfDNA sequencing allowed to identify two different groups of patients with distinct median survival based on the circulating levels at diagnosis. The highest PFS was observed in those with low cfDNA concentrations. Tumor-related TP53 and RB1 mutations were found in 91.6% and 41.6% of patients at T0, respectively. Following treatment, a significant decrease in TP53's Vaf was observed. Chromosomal instability is present in 90.9% of those enrolled at diagnosis, a much higher frequency compared to what is reported for other pulmonary and non-pulmonary malignancies. Following the first cycle of treatment, part of the patients undergoes the stabilization of the chromosome profile. However, this is not significantly associated with higher PFS. Finally, six miRNAs have been identified whose circulating levels at T0, similarly to what seen for cfDNA, correlate with PFS. Overall, liquid biopsy is confirmed as a promising method for the serial detection of circulating biomarkers that can be used for prognostic purposes and for monitoring chemo-immunotherapy treatment.
-Il tumore del polmone a piccole cellule (SCLC) è causa di più di 200.000 morti l’anno nel mondo. I pazienti affetti hanno una pessima prognosi e limitate opzioni terapeutiche. Il monitoraggio nel tempo dell’andamento della malattia mediante biopsia tradizionale risulta particolarmente complesso per via della rapidità dell’avanzamento della neoplasia e delle condizioni cliniche dei soggetti. In questo contesto, la biopsia liquida si sta dimostrando una valida alternativa per la stratificazione ed il monitoraggio dei pazienti, grazie alla sua facilità d’esecuzione e alla minima invasività. Questo studio nasce dalla volontà di identificare biomarcatori circolanti predittivi della PFS in pazienti con SCLC sottoposti al regime carboplatino-etoposide-atezolizumab. Secondariamente, è stata effettuata una valutazione del profilo di tollerabilità della terapia e la descrizione delle caratteristiche della popolazione real-world in trattamento. Al momento, a studio ancora in corso, sono stati arruolati 20 pazienti da cui sono stati ottenuti campioni ematici al tempo T0 (diagnosi), T1 (primo ciclo), T2 (secondo ciclo) e T3 (progressione). Per ognuno, grazie all’impiego di tecniche di NGS e RT-PCR, è stato possibile valutare la concentrazione di cfDNA circolante, la Vaf (Variant allele frequency) dei geni TP53 e RB1, la presenza di instabilità cromosomica ed i livelli circolanti di specifici miRNA coinvolti nella progressione tumorale. Il sequenziamento del cfDNA ha permesso di dividere i pazienti in due gruppi con mediane di sopravvivenza distinte in base ai livelli circolanti alla diagnosi. La PFS maggiore è stata osservata in coloro che hanno basse concentrazioni di cfDNA. Le mutazioni tumore correlate di TP53 e di RB1 sono state riscontrate nel 91,6% e nel 41,6% dei pazienti a T0, rispettivamente. In seguito al trattamento si osserva un calo significativo della Vaf di TP53. L’instabilità cromosomica è presente nel 90,9% degli arruolati alla diagnosi, una frequenza molto più elevata rispetto ad altre neoplasie polmonari e non. A T1 parte dei pazienti va incontro alla stabilizzazione del profilo cromosomico, senza che questo si associ in modo significativo ad una maggiore PFS. Sono stati individuati sei miRNA i cui livelli circolanti a T0, similmente a quanto visto per il cfDNA, correlano con la PFS. Nel complesso, la biopsia liquida si conferma una metodica promettente per la rilevazione seriata di biomarcatori circolanti utilizzabili a scopo prognostico e per il monitoraggio del trattamento chemio-immunoterapico nei pazienti affetti da SCLC.
Biomarcatori circolanti in pazienti con carcinoma polmonare a piccole cellule in stadio esteso trattati con atezolizumab e chemioterapia.
MAZZALVERI, FRANCESCO
2022/2023
Abstract
-Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the cause of more than 200,000 deaths worldwide each year. Affected patients have a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Due to the rapidity of the progression of the tumor and the clinical conditions of the subjects, monitoring the progress of the disease over time by means of a traditional biopsy is particularly complex. In this context, liquid biopsy is proving to be a valid alternative for patient stratification and monitoring, thanks to its ease of execution and minimal invasiveness. The aim of this study is to identify circulating biomarkers predictive of PFS in patients with SCLC undergoing the carboplatin-etoposide-atezolizumab regimen. Secondly, an evaluation of the tolerability profile of the therapy and the description of the characteristics of the real-world population under treatment was carried out. Currently, with the study still in progress, 20 patients have been enrolled. For each of them, blood samples were obtained at time T0 (diagnosis), T1 (first cycle), T2 (second cycle) and T3 (progression). Thanks to the use of NGS and RT-PCR techniques, it was then possible to evaluate the concentration of circulating cfDNA, the Vaf (Variant allele frequency) of the TP53 and RB1 genes, the presence of chromosomal instability and the circulating levels of specific miRNAs involved in tumor progression. CfDNA sequencing allowed to identify two different groups of patients with distinct median survival based on the circulating levels at diagnosis. The highest PFS was observed in those with low cfDNA concentrations. Tumor-related TP53 and RB1 mutations were found in 91.6% and 41.6% of patients at T0, respectively. Following treatment, a significant decrease in TP53's Vaf was observed. Chromosomal instability is present in 90.9% of those enrolled at diagnosis, a much higher frequency compared to what is reported for other pulmonary and non-pulmonary malignancies. Following the first cycle of treatment, part of the patients undergoes the stabilization of the chromosome profile. However, this is not significantly associated with higher PFS. Finally, six miRNAs have been identified whose circulating levels at T0, similarly to what seen for cfDNA, correlate with PFS. Overall, liquid biopsy is confirmed as a promising method for the serial detection of circulating biomarkers that can be used for prognostic purposes and for monitoring chemo-immunotherapy treatment.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/47014