Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune antigen mediated inflammatory disease, characterised by esophageal dysfunction and eosinophilic infiltration localized in the esophagus. At present, therapy for eosinophilic esophagitis achieve remission, but it does not cure the disease. The treatment, therefore, usually cannot be interrupted and a clinical, endoscopic and histological follow-up is needed. At current, the first-line pharmacological therapy is: proton pomp inhibitors (PPI), 6-food elimination diet or topic steroids. The topic corticosteroid therapy used to be administered by inhaler, off-label use of the drug approved for asthma. Now a new pharmacological formulation of budesonide is available, able to dissolve in the mouth (orodispersible), which has been approved specifically for EoE. In the registration study it demonstrated a great efficacy compared to placebo in causing disease remission at clinical, endoscopic and histological level. Instead, few studies investigated the benefits and possible critical aspects of the use of budesonide’s orodispersible tablets in a Real-life setting in patients affected by EoE. This study aims at evaluating in clinical practice (Real-life setting) the clinical, endoscopic and histological effectiveness of budesonide’s orodispersibile tablets (BOS) in patients affected by EoE. Moreover, data on the safety profile of the drug are collected as a secondary aim of the study. This retrospective-prospective observational study involved patients diagnosed with EoE aged ≥ 18 years old under treatment with BOS registered at the Gastroenterology Clinic of the University Hospital of Padova. Of these patients, we evaluated the clinical, endoscopic and histological response, as well as the treatment’s side effects. We enrolled 69 patients with EoE, 56 of them were male (81,16%), and the age at diagnosis was 34,8 ± 12,3 years old. The reported symptoms more frequent at diagnosis is dysphagia, found in 54 out of 69 patients enrolled in the study (78,26%), and the feeling of food impaction, suffered by 45 out of 69 patients (65,22%). At least an allergic comorbidity affected 44 out of 69 patients (63,77%): 20 out of 69 were affected by allergic asthma (28,99%). 58 out of 69 patients had been treated with PPI, to which 14 out of 58 had responded (24,13%), while then showing loss of response or intolerance to PPI and therefore switched to treatment with BOS. At the follow-up investigation made after 12 weeks of starting the BOS, endoscopic remission was achieved in 42 out of 69 patients (60,87%), with a reduction of the mean of the EREFS score from 1,49 ± 2,05 to 1,29 ± 1,25 (p-value 0,000). The histological remission was obtained by 59 out of 69 patients (85,51%), with a mean peak of 34,49 ± 25,79 of eosinophils/high power field (HPF) at the baseline and of 6,46 ± 17,77 after 12 weeks of treatment (p-value 0,000). The Dysphagia Symptom Questionnaire shows a significative reduction of the mean value 25,25 ± 24,79 at baseline and 2,75 ± 8,91 after 12 weeks of treatment (p-value 0,002). The side effects highlighted concerned 5 out of 69 patients (7,25%) and only one of them needed to stop the treatment. Our results confirmed the effectiveness of the BOS in the induction of disease’s remission in Real-life setting, too. The collected data also shows a great tolerance of the drug by the patients. Despite its greater accessibility in the latest months, we wish a wider spread across the Country, for making easier to evaluate the effectiveness and safety.
L’Esofagite eosinofila (EoE) è una patologia infiammatoria cronica immuno-antigene mediata, caratterizzata da disfunzione esofagea e infiltrazione eosinofila localizzata nell’esofago. La terapia attuale dell’EoE permette di indurre la remissione della patologia, ma non di curarla. Il trattamento, perciò, spesso non può essere interrotto e si rende necessario un follow-up clinico, endoscopico ed istologico a lungo termine. Allo stato attuale la terapia farmacologica di prima linea prevede l’utilizzo di inibitori di pompa protonica (PPI), la dieta di eliminazione o la terapia con steroidi topici. La terapia cortisonica topica era un tempo somministrata tramite inalatore, utilizzo off-label del farmaco approvato per l’asma. Oggi è invece disponibile una nuova formulazione di budesonide, capace di sciogliersi nel cavo orale (orodispersibile) che ha ricevuto l’approvazione specifica per il trattamento dell’EoE. Nello studio di registrazione ha dimostrato un’ottima efficacia rispetto al placebo nel determinare remissione della patologia sia a livello clinico, che endoscopico ed istologico. Sono invece ancora pochi gli studi in letteratura che hanno indagato i benefici e gli eventuali aspetti critici dell’utilizzo in Real-life della Budesonide in Compresse Orodispersibili (BOS) nel trattamento dell’EoE. Questo studio, si è prefisso lo scopo di valutare nella pratica clinica (Real-Life) l’efficacia clinica, endoscopica ed istologica della BOS nei pazienti affetti da EoE. Inoltre, sono stati raccolti i dati sulla safety come scopo secondario dello studio. Quest’ultimo è osservazionale retrospettivo-prospettico ed ha valutato pazienti con diagnosi di EoE di età ≥ 18 anni in terapia con BOS seguiti presso l’U.O.C. di Gastroenterologia di Padova. Di questi pazienti sono stati valutati la risposta clinica, endoscopica ed istologica, nonché gli effetti collaterali del trattamento. Sono stati arruolati 69 pazienti affetti da EoE, di cui 56 maschi (81,16%), con età media alla diagnosi di 34,8 ± 12,3 anni. La sintomatologia riscontrata più di frequente alla diagnosi è stata la disfagia, presente nel 54 pazienti dei 69 arruolati nello studio (78,26%), e la sensazione di impatto del bolo, riferita da 45 su 69 pazienti (65,22%). Almeno una comorbidità allergica è stata rilevata in 44 su 69 pazienti (63,77%): si trattava di asma allergico in 20 su 69 pazienti (28,99%). 58 su 69 pazienti era stata sottoposta in precedenza a trattamento con PPI, al quale avevano risposto 14 su 58 pazienti (24,13%), successivamente mostrando perdita di risposta od intolleranza ai PPI e perciò passati alla terapia con BOS. Al follow-up eseguito dopo 12 settimane di trattamento, la remissione endoscopica è stata ottenuta in 42 su 69 pazienti (60,87%), con una riduzione della media del punteggio EREFS da 1,49 ± 2,05 a 1,29 ± 1,25 (p-value 0,000). La remissione istologica è stata raggiunta da 59 su 69 pazienti (85,51%), con un valore medio di picco di eosinofili/high power field (HPF) di 34,49 ± 25,79 al tempo zero e di 6,46 ± 17,77 al tempo 1 (p-value 0,000). Lo score Dysphagia Symptom Questionnaire (DSQ) ha mostrato un valore medio di 25,25 ± 24,79 al tempo zero e di 2,75 ± 8,91 al tempo 1 (p-value 0,002). Gli effetti collaterali emersi hanno interessato 5 su 69 pazienti (7,25%) e di questi solo uno ha necessitato l’interruzione del trattamento. I risultati confermano l’efficacia del trattamento con BOS nell’induzione della remissione della malattia anche nel setting Real-life. I dati ottenuti denotano inoltre un’ottima tollerabilità del farmaco. Nonostante la sua maggiore reperibilità riscontrata negli ultimi mesi, auspichiamo una sua maggiore diffusione, per una valutazione migliore del profilo di efficacia e sicurezza.
Esofagite Eosinofila: Dati real-life della terapia con budesonide orodispersibile, studio monocentrico
BRUSCHI, ALESSANDRO
2022/2023
Abstract
Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune antigen mediated inflammatory disease, characterised by esophageal dysfunction and eosinophilic infiltration localized in the esophagus. At present, therapy for eosinophilic esophagitis achieve remission, but it does not cure the disease. The treatment, therefore, usually cannot be interrupted and a clinical, endoscopic and histological follow-up is needed. At current, the first-line pharmacological therapy is: proton pomp inhibitors (PPI), 6-food elimination diet or topic steroids. The topic corticosteroid therapy used to be administered by inhaler, off-label use of the drug approved for asthma. Now a new pharmacological formulation of budesonide is available, able to dissolve in the mouth (orodispersible), which has been approved specifically for EoE. In the registration study it demonstrated a great efficacy compared to placebo in causing disease remission at clinical, endoscopic and histological level. Instead, few studies investigated the benefits and possible critical aspects of the use of budesonide’s orodispersible tablets in a Real-life setting in patients affected by EoE. This study aims at evaluating in clinical practice (Real-life setting) the clinical, endoscopic and histological effectiveness of budesonide’s orodispersibile tablets (BOS) in patients affected by EoE. Moreover, data on the safety profile of the drug are collected as a secondary aim of the study. This retrospective-prospective observational study involved patients diagnosed with EoE aged ≥ 18 years old under treatment with BOS registered at the Gastroenterology Clinic of the University Hospital of Padova. Of these patients, we evaluated the clinical, endoscopic and histological response, as well as the treatment’s side effects. We enrolled 69 patients with EoE, 56 of them were male (81,16%), and the age at diagnosis was 34,8 ± 12,3 years old. The reported symptoms more frequent at diagnosis is dysphagia, found in 54 out of 69 patients enrolled in the study (78,26%), and the feeling of food impaction, suffered by 45 out of 69 patients (65,22%). At least an allergic comorbidity affected 44 out of 69 patients (63,77%): 20 out of 69 were affected by allergic asthma (28,99%). 58 out of 69 patients had been treated with PPI, to which 14 out of 58 had responded (24,13%), while then showing loss of response or intolerance to PPI and therefore switched to treatment with BOS. At the follow-up investigation made after 12 weeks of starting the BOS, endoscopic remission was achieved in 42 out of 69 patients (60,87%), with a reduction of the mean of the EREFS score from 1,49 ± 2,05 to 1,29 ± 1,25 (p-value 0,000). The histological remission was obtained by 59 out of 69 patients (85,51%), with a mean peak of 34,49 ± 25,79 of eosinophils/high power field (HPF) at the baseline and of 6,46 ± 17,77 after 12 weeks of treatment (p-value 0,000). The Dysphagia Symptom Questionnaire shows a significative reduction of the mean value 25,25 ± 24,79 at baseline and 2,75 ± 8,91 after 12 weeks of treatment (p-value 0,002). The side effects highlighted concerned 5 out of 69 patients (7,25%) and only one of them needed to stop the treatment. Our results confirmed the effectiveness of the BOS in the induction of disease’s remission in Real-life setting, too. The collected data also shows a great tolerance of the drug by the patients. Despite its greater accessibility in the latest months, we wish a wider spread across the Country, for making easier to evaluate the effectiveness and safety.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/47053