This thesis aims to analyze the relationship between the information tools currently available for the execution of energy urban scale simulations and the prioritization of retrofit interventions through data analysis to improve the performance of buildings. Therefore, the topic of energy efficiency and diagnosis on the single building was initially studied and then the main topic of Urban Building Energy Modeling was addressed. The research focuses mainly on the definition of the data necessary for the construction of an urban building energy model and on the simulation software currently available. Especially, information acquisition strategies, information processing techniques and their advantages are analyzed. The paper is structured in three main sections: the study of the reference area, a summary of the critical issues and strategies identified and the experimentation section. The first chapter analyzes the international, European and national context from the point of view of energy consumption, with particular attention to the building sector. To understand the current situation, it was necessary to analyze the global energy crisis, climate change and the increase in greenhouse gas emissions, all of which contribute to increase energy demand and for which effective energy-saving policies must be implemented. The second chapter deals with the issue of energy efficiency, analyzing the European, national and regional regulations. Despite of many international strategies and policies implemented through countless regulations, energy retrofitting interventions are necessary to improve the performance of buildings; these interventions can be established through energy audits. For this reason, it was also necessary to analyze the phases of the individual building’s diagnosis process to understand advantages and disadvantages. In other cases, however, it may be necessary to consider the energy-environmental impact of many buildings in the same area or at a certain distance between them. Urban Building Energy Modeling, analyzed in the third chapter, develops with the aim of simulating urban energy performance, considering above all the effects related to the interaction between groups of buildings and the urban microclimate. So, it was necessary to study the process that involves data acquisition, model generation, energy simulation and subsequent calibration of the results. In addition, some possible applications of the method have been proposed. Finally, in the fourth chapter, an analysis of the software currently available to carry out this type of investigation is proposed. From these analyzes, an application case study was developed with the aim of testing two energy simulation software, analyzing the differences, potential, criticalities and results obtained. In this way it was possible to apply the methodology of Urban Building Energy Modeling and establish possible future developments in this topic.
La presente tesi ha come obiettivo quello di analizzare la relazione tra gli strumenti informativi attualmente disponibili per l’esecuzione di simulazioni energetiche a scala urbana e la prioritizzazione degli interventi di retrofit attraverso l’analisi dei dati per migliorare le prestazioni degli edifici. Pertanto, è stato approfondito inizialmente il tema dell’efficienza energetica e delle diagnosi sul singolo edificio per poi affrontare l’argomento principale dell’Urban Building Energy Modeling. L’attività di ricerca si concentra principalmente sulla definizione dei dati necessari alla costruzione di un modelle energetico degli edifici a scala urbana e sui software di simulazione attualmente disponibili. In particolare, vengono analizzate le strategie di acquisizione delle informazioni, le tecniche di elaborazione delle stesse e i rispettivi vantaggi. L’elaborato è strutturato in tre sezioni principali: lo studio dell’ambito di riferimento, una sintesi delle criticità e delle strategie individuate e la parte di sperimentazione. Nel primo capitolo viene analizzato il contesto internazionale, europeo e nazionale dal punto di vista dei consumi energetici, con particolare attenzione al settore edilizio. Per comprendere la situazione attuale è stato necessario esaminare la crisi energetica in atto a livello globale, i cambiamenti climatici e l’aumento delle emissioni di gas a effetto serra, tutti fenomeni che contribuiscono ad un incremento della domanda di energia e per i quali è necessario attuare delle politiche di risparmio energetico efficaci. Nel secondo capitolo viene trattato il tema dell’efficienza energetica, analizzando il quadro normativo europeo, nazionale e regionale. Nonostante le strategie e le politiche concordate a livello internazionale e attuate attraverso innumerevoli disposizioni, per migliorare le prestazioni degli edifici sono necessari interventi di retrofit energetico che possono essere stabiliti attraverso delle diagnosi energetiche. Per questa ragione è stato necessario analizzare anche le fasi del processo di diagnosi del singolo edificio per comprenderne i vantaggi e gli svantaggi. In altri casi, però, può essere necessario valutare l’impatto energetico-ambientale di un’elevata quantità di edifici nella medesima area o ad una certa distanza fra loro. L’Urban Building Energy Modeling, analizzato nel terzo capitolo, si sviluppa esattamente con l’obiettivo di eseguire simulazioni delle prestazioni energetiche urbane, considerando soprattutto gli effetti collegati all’interazione tra gruppi di edifici e il microclima urbano. Quindi è stato necessario studiarne il processo di analisi che prevede: l’acquisizione dei dati, la generazione del modello, la simulazione energetica e la successiva calibrazione dei risultati. Inoltre, sono state proposte alcune possibili applicazioni del metodo. Infine, nel quarto capitolo, viene proposta un’analisi dei software attualmente disponibili per effettuare questo tipo di indagini. Da queste analisi è stato sviluppato un caso studio applicativo con lo scopo di testare due software di simulazione energetica, analizzandone le differenze, le potenzialità, le criticità e i risultati ottenuti. In questo modo è stato possibile applicare la metodologia dell’Urban Building Energy Modeling e stabilire i possibili sviluppi futuri in quest’ambito.
Protocolli informativi openBIM per la prioritizzazione degli interventi di retrofit energetico: simulazione a scala urbana e analisi dati
STEFANELLI, FRANCESCO
2022/2023
Abstract
This thesis aims to analyze the relationship between the information tools currently available for the execution of energy urban scale simulations and the prioritization of retrofit interventions through data analysis to improve the performance of buildings. Therefore, the topic of energy efficiency and diagnosis on the single building was initially studied and then the main topic of Urban Building Energy Modeling was addressed. The research focuses mainly on the definition of the data necessary for the construction of an urban building energy model and on the simulation software currently available. Especially, information acquisition strategies, information processing techniques and their advantages are analyzed. The paper is structured in three main sections: the study of the reference area, a summary of the critical issues and strategies identified and the experimentation section. The first chapter analyzes the international, European and national context from the point of view of energy consumption, with particular attention to the building sector. To understand the current situation, it was necessary to analyze the global energy crisis, climate change and the increase in greenhouse gas emissions, all of which contribute to increase energy demand and for which effective energy-saving policies must be implemented. The second chapter deals with the issue of energy efficiency, analyzing the European, national and regional regulations. Despite of many international strategies and policies implemented through countless regulations, energy retrofitting interventions are necessary to improve the performance of buildings; these interventions can be established through energy audits. For this reason, it was also necessary to analyze the phases of the individual building’s diagnosis process to understand advantages and disadvantages. In other cases, however, it may be necessary to consider the energy-environmental impact of many buildings in the same area or at a certain distance between them. Urban Building Energy Modeling, analyzed in the third chapter, develops with the aim of simulating urban energy performance, considering above all the effects related to the interaction between groups of buildings and the urban microclimate. So, it was necessary to study the process that involves data acquisition, model generation, energy simulation and subsequent calibration of the results. In addition, some possible applications of the method have been proposed. Finally, in the fourth chapter, an analysis of the software currently available to carry out this type of investigation is proposed. From these analyzes, an application case study was developed with the aim of testing two energy simulation software, analyzing the differences, potential, criticalities and results obtained. In this way it was possible to apply the methodology of Urban Building Energy Modeling and establish possible future developments in this topic.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/48544