Peripheral nerve injuries represent an unsolved challenge of modern neurosurgery, being nerve motor/sensory recovery after microsurgical repair still suboptimal. The therapeutic limitations related to the treatment of these injuries are promoting research in the field of Tissue Engineering for the study of alternative cutting-edge solutions. In this work, a rat sciatic nerve injury model was employed to test the therapeutic potential of an innovative synthetic nerve conduits made of oxidized Polyvinyl Alcohol (OxPVA) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in nerve injury recovery. After resection of the sciatic nerve and creation of a 5 mm-gap, OxPVA+CNT nerve conduits were grafted to bridge the nerve defect. After 6 weeks, histological analyses at the level of the central portion of the nerve conduits revealed the presence of regenerated nerve, with reunion of the proximal and distal stumps. The tubular scaffolds were encapsulated in a thin fibrous capsule, showing that the host tolerated the implants without eliciting rejection reactions. Immunolocalization of the markers β-tubulin and S100B confirmed the nervous nature of the newly-regenerated tissue. Overall, OxPVA+CNT nerve conduits have proved to be promising devices for the treatment of peripheral nerve lesions with loss of substance.
Le lesioni dei nervi periferici rappresentano una sfida irrisolta della neurochirurgia moderna, essendo il loro recupero motorio/sensoriale dopo la riparazione microchirurgica ancora subottimale. I limiti terapeutici correlati al trattamento di queste lesioni stanno promuovendo la ricerca nel campo dell’Ingegneria Tissutale per lo studio di soluzioni d’avanguardia alternative. In questo lavoro, un modello di danno al nervo sciatico di ratto è stato impiegato per testare il potenziale terapeutico di una innovativa neuroguida sintetica in polivinil alcol ossidato (OxPVA) e nanotubi di carbonio (NTC) nel recupero della lesione nervosa. Dopo resezione del nervo sciatico e creazione di un gap di 5 mm, neuroguide in OxPVA+NTC sono state innestate per ricongiungere l’interruzione nervosa. Dopo 6 settimane, le analisi istologiche a livello della porzione centrale della neuroguida hanno rivelato la presenza di nervo rigenerato, con ricongiungimento dei monconi prossimale e distale. Gli scaffold tubulari erano incapsulati in una sottile capsula fibrosa, evidenziando che l’ospite ha tollerato gli impianti senza suscitare reazioni di rigetto. L’immunolocalizzazione dei marcatori β-tubulina e S100B ha confermato la natura nervosa del tessuto neo-rigenerato. Nel complesso, le neuroguide in OxPVA+NTC si sono rivelate dei device promettenti per il trattamento delle lesioni nervose periferiche con perdita di sostanza.
Fabbricazione e validazione in vivo di neuroguide in polivinil alcol ossidato e nanotubi di carbonio per la rigenerazione del nervo periferico
DITADI, BEATRICE
2022/2023
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries represent an unsolved challenge of modern neurosurgery, being nerve motor/sensory recovery after microsurgical repair still suboptimal. The therapeutic limitations related to the treatment of these injuries are promoting research in the field of Tissue Engineering for the study of alternative cutting-edge solutions. In this work, a rat sciatic nerve injury model was employed to test the therapeutic potential of an innovative synthetic nerve conduits made of oxidized Polyvinyl Alcohol (OxPVA) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in nerve injury recovery. After resection of the sciatic nerve and creation of a 5 mm-gap, OxPVA+CNT nerve conduits were grafted to bridge the nerve defect. After 6 weeks, histological analyses at the level of the central portion of the nerve conduits revealed the presence of regenerated nerve, with reunion of the proximal and distal stumps. The tubular scaffolds were encapsulated in a thin fibrous capsule, showing that the host tolerated the implants without eliciting rejection reactions. Immunolocalization of the markers β-tubulin and S100B confirmed the nervous nature of the newly-regenerated tissue. Overall, OxPVA+CNT nerve conduits have proved to be promising devices for the treatment of peripheral nerve lesions with loss of substance.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/50091