Aims. The BL Lac PG 1553+113 is known for its high variability and exhibits periodic behavior with a 2.2-year cycle, showing a significant 3-sigma significance in its Fermi gamma emission. This periodicity is characterized by a simultaneous flaring state at all energy levels. This thesis focuses on reporting the 2019 flare of PG 1553+113, analyzing multiwavelength data, and modeling the emission from this source. Methods. Data from multiple instruments, ranging from radio to gamma-rays, were analyzed with a specific emphasis on the highest energies, such as the MAGIC telescopes. Subsequently, the emission of PG 1553+113 was divided into a flaring state (April 2019) and enhanced state (June-August 2019) and then modeled using the agnpy software. Results and findings. During this project, multiple models were applied to analyze this source. Initially, a one-zone Synchrotron-Self Compton (SSC) model was utilized; however, evidence from correlation studies and the emission shape suggested a preference for a two-zone SSC model. The new model exhibits a good agreement with the dataset, and its application to PG 1553+113 represents a novel contribution in this work. The project's results reveal a discrepancy between the two states, which can be attributed to variations in the electron number density and magnetic field of the respective zones.
Obiettivi. Il BL Lac PG 1553+113 è noto per la sua elevata variabilità e presenta un comportamento periodico con un ciclo di 2,2 anni, mostrando una significativa di 3 sigma nella sua emissione gamma alle energie Fermi. Questa periodicità è caratterizzata da uno stato di brillamento simultaneo a tutti i livelli di energia. Questa tesi si focalizza sulla relazione del brillamento del 2019 di PG 1553+113, analizzando dati multibanda e modellando l'emissione proveniente da questa fonte. Metodi. I dati provenienti da diversi strumenti, che spaziano dalla radio ai raggi gamma, sono stati analizzati con una specifica enfasi sulle energie più elevate, come ad esempio i telescopi MAGIC. Successivamente, l'emissione di PG 1553+113 è stata suddivisa in uno stato di brillamento (aprile 2019) e uno stato potenziato (giugno-agosto 2019) e quindi modellata utilizzando il software agnpy. Risultati e conclusioni. Durante questo progetto, sono stati applicati diversi modelli per analizzare questa sorgente. Inizialmente è stato utilizzato un modello Synchrotron-Self Compton (SSC) a una zona; tuttavia, le evidenze provenienti dagli studi di correlazione e dalla forma dell'emissione hanno suggerito una preferenza per un modello SSC a due zone. Il nuovo modello presenta una buona concordanza con l'insieme di dati e la sua applicazione a PG 1553+113 rappresenta un contributo innovativo in questo lavoro. I risultati del progetto rivelano una discrepanza tra i due stati, che può essere attribuita a variazioni nella densità di numero degli elettroni e nel campo magnetico delle rispettive zone.
Modelling of the broad band emission of the AGN PG 1553+113
SILVESTRI, GIUSEPPE
2022/2023
Abstract
Aims. The BL Lac PG 1553+113 is known for its high variability and exhibits periodic behavior with a 2.2-year cycle, showing a significant 3-sigma significance in its Fermi gamma emission. This periodicity is characterized by a simultaneous flaring state at all energy levels. This thesis focuses on reporting the 2019 flare of PG 1553+113, analyzing multiwavelength data, and modeling the emission from this source. Methods. Data from multiple instruments, ranging from radio to gamma-rays, were analyzed with a specific emphasis on the highest energies, such as the MAGIC telescopes. Subsequently, the emission of PG 1553+113 was divided into a flaring state (April 2019) and enhanced state (June-August 2019) and then modeled using the agnpy software. Results and findings. During this project, multiple models were applied to analyze this source. Initially, a one-zone Synchrotron-Self Compton (SSC) model was utilized; however, evidence from correlation studies and the emission shape suggested a preference for a two-zone SSC model. The new model exhibits a good agreement with the dataset, and its application to PG 1553+113 represents a novel contribution in this work. The project's results reveal a discrepancy between the two states, which can be attributed to variations in the electron number density and magnetic field of the respective zones.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/51840