Tumors are the result of processes of somatic evolution that over time lead, within the same tumor, to the development of genetically distinct areas. In recent years, various sampling and sequencing techniques have enabled the analysis of single or multiple tumor regions, showing that during tumor development there are common features shared among tumors of the same kind in different patients. Malignant tumors, also known as cancer, are a major cause of death worldwide, so identifying common patterns in tumor evolution would allow the creation of effective therapies and treatments. This bachelor's thesis presents the results obtained from the study and analysis of phylogenetic trees of breast cancer patients using the MASTRO algorithm, which allows the identification of frequent mutation trajectories in a set of patients. The dataset considered consists of 37809 phylogenetic trees distributed among 1315 breast cancer patients.
I tumori sono il risultato di processi di evoluzione somatica che col passare del tempo portano, all'interno del stesso tumore, allo sviluppo di zone geneticamente distinte. Negli ultimi anni diverse tecniche di campionamento e sequenziamento hanno permesso l'analisi di singole o molteplici regioni tumorali, evidenziando che durante lo sviluppo di un tumore esistono caratteristiche comuni condivise fra tumori dello stesso genere in pazienti diversi. I tumori maligni, noti anche come cancro, sono una delle maggiori cause di morte nel mondo, quindi l'identificazione di pattern comuni nella evoluzione tumorale permetterebbe di creare terapie e cure efficaci. Questo elaborato di tesi presenta i risultati ottenuti dallo studio e analisi di alberi filogenetici di pazienti con cancro al seno tramite l'algoritmo MASTRO, il quale permette di identificare traiettorie di mutazioni frequenti in un insieme di pazienti. Il dataset considerato è composto da 37809 alberi filogenetici distribuiti tra 1315 pazienti affetti da cancro al seno.
Identification of significant evolutionary trajectories in cancer
VIESPOLI, ALESSANDRO
2022/2023
Abstract
Tumors are the result of processes of somatic evolution that over time lead, within the same tumor, to the development of genetically distinct areas. In recent years, various sampling and sequencing techniques have enabled the analysis of single or multiple tumor regions, showing that during tumor development there are common features shared among tumors of the same kind in different patients. Malignant tumors, also known as cancer, are a major cause of death worldwide, so identifying common patterns in tumor evolution would allow the creation of effective therapies and treatments. This bachelor's thesis presents the results obtained from the study and analysis of phylogenetic trees of breast cancer patients using the MASTRO algorithm, which allows the identification of frequent mutation trajectories in a set of patients. The dataset considered consists of 37809 phylogenetic trees distributed among 1315 breast cancer patients.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/52411