The paper aims at studying conscious experience based on Integrated Information Theory (IIT), developed by neuroscientist Giulio Tononi. In the first section the key properties of conscious experience are highlighted, starting from the study of these properties the characteristics of the systems capable of generating consciousness are then deduced. In the second section, the study of systems capable of generating consciousness is accompanied by the study of the anatomical substrate of consciousness. There are numerous brain areas that participate in conscious experience but do not contribute directly to its formation. Subsequently, the dynamism of conscious experience is studied, in particular there is an in-depth analysis about the altered states of consciousness such as sleep and hypnosis. The paper concludes with a refutation of the IIT. Such a theory and all theories that base their study of conscious experience on how the elements of a system interact are considered scientifically invalid. This refutaton using neural networks is able to demonstrate that conscious and unconscious systems are empirically indistinguishable, thus falsifying IIT and its approach to the study of conscious experience.
L'elaborato si propone l'obiettivo di studiare l'esperienza cosciente basandosi sulla teoria dell'informazione integrata (IIT), sviluppata dal neuroscienziato Giulio Tononi. Nella prima sezione sono messe in luce le proprietà chiave dell'esperienza cosciente, a partire dallo studio di tali proprietà vengono poi dedotte le caratteristiche dei sistemi in grado di generare coscienza. Nella seconda sezione, lo studio dei sistemi in grado di generare coscienza è affiancato allo studio del substrato anatomico della coscienza. Infatti, esistono numerose aree cerebrali che partecipano all'esperienza cosciente ma non contribuiscono direttamente alla sua formazione. Successivamente, viene studiata la dinamicità dell'esperienza cosciente, in particolare vengono approfonditi gli stati alterati di coscienza quali il sonno e l'ipnosi. L'elaborato si conclude con una confutazione dell'IIT. Tale teoria e tutte le teorie che basano il loro studio dell'esperienza cosciente su come gli elementi di un sistema interagiscono sono ritenute scientificamente non valide. infatti, la confutazione utilizzando le reti neurali è in grado di dimostrare che sistemi coscienti e incoscienti sono empiricamente indistinguibili, falsificando così l'IIT ed il suo approccio allo studio dell'esperienza cosciente.
Teoria dell’informazione integrata, IIT
BOVO, MARIA CHIARA
2022/2023
Abstract
The paper aims at studying conscious experience based on Integrated Information Theory (IIT), developed by neuroscientist Giulio Tononi. In the first section the key properties of conscious experience are highlighted, starting from the study of these properties the characteristics of the systems capable of generating consciousness are then deduced. In the second section, the study of systems capable of generating consciousness is accompanied by the study of the anatomical substrate of consciousness. There are numerous brain areas that participate in conscious experience but do not contribute directly to its formation. Subsequently, the dynamism of conscious experience is studied, in particular there is an in-depth analysis about the altered states of consciousness such as sleep and hypnosis. The paper concludes with a refutation of the IIT. Such a theory and all theories that base their study of conscious experience on how the elements of a system interact are considered scientifically invalid. This refutaton using neural networks is able to demonstrate that conscious and unconscious systems are empirically indistinguishable, thus falsifying IIT and its approach to the study of conscious experience.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/52550