This thesis aims to study the implementation of a closed-loop control system for intravenous anesthesia. Firstly, it provides a general definition of anesthesia, outlining its effects on the patient and the various phases that characterize it. Subsequently, it defines the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) models used to precisely represent the dynamics of the anesthetic drugs Propofol and Remifentanil. Furthermore, the discussion proceeds to delve into the structure of the patient simulator, which receives as an input doses of anesthetic drugs and provides as an output anesthetic variables that enable the monitoring of the effects of anesthesia. Following this the difference between open-loop and closed-loop systems are studied and the key components that make up the system are shown, focusing mostly on the PID controller (Proportional, Integral, Derivative). The performance of the two systems is tested on a population of 24 patients to gather more data. The paper concludes by outlining future prospects in the analyzed field.
a circuito chiuso applicato all'anestesia intravenosa. Inizialmente si fornisce una definizione generale di anestesia, delineando gli effetti che essa determina sul paziente e le varie fasi che la caratterizzano. Successivamente, si definiscono il modello farmacocinetico (PK) e quello farmacodinamico (PD) utilizzati per rappresentare accuratamente la dinamica dei farmaci anestetici Propofol e Remifentanil. Si passa poi alla spiegazione della struttura del simulatore del paziente, che riceve in ingresso le dosi di farmaci anestetici e fornisce in uscita variabili anestetiche tramite le quali è possibile monitorare gli effetti dell'anestesia. Si studia la differenza tra il sistema a circuito aperto e quello a circuito chiuso, seguito dall'enumerazione delle componenti chiave che compongono il sistema, in modo particolare il controllore PID (Proporzionale, Integrale, Derivativo). La performance di quest’ultimo viene testata su una popolazione di 24 pazienti, per consentire la raccolta di maggiori dati. L'elaborato si conclude enunciando le prospettive future nell'ambito analizzato.
Controllore PID per l'anestesia
SHYED, NABILAH
2022/2023
Abstract
This thesis aims to study the implementation of a closed-loop control system for intravenous anesthesia. Firstly, it provides a general definition of anesthesia, outlining its effects on the patient and the various phases that characterize it. Subsequently, it defines the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) models used to precisely represent the dynamics of the anesthetic drugs Propofol and Remifentanil. Furthermore, the discussion proceeds to delve into the structure of the patient simulator, which receives as an input doses of anesthetic drugs and provides as an output anesthetic variables that enable the monitoring of the effects of anesthesia. Following this the difference between open-loop and closed-loop systems are studied and the key components that make up the system are shown, focusing mostly on the PID controller (Proportional, Integral, Derivative). The performance of the two systems is tested on a population of 24 patients to gather more data. The paper concludes by outlining future prospects in the analyzed field.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/52600