Attention, defined as a function by which cognitive processes are regulated through the selection and processing of extrinsic information, involves different anatomical-physiological structures that allow to receive inputs from the external environment and to determine the intentions, actions and objectives that characterise the human being. Attention is the premise of every cognitive activity and favours the evolution of man, therefore its malfunction, in conjunction with some neuro-psychic or physiological disorders, may imply the appearance of pathologies such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The latter represents a neuropsychiatric disorder with onset in developmental age, characterised by the triad of attention, impulsivity and motor hyperactivity. Children suffering from this condition, very common in Italy and in the world, can have repercussions in their social, relational and psychophysical contexts with the possible consequence of affecting various aspects of their daily lives. Sport is the essential solution to prevent this syndrome, allowing the child to increase, through physical activity, the work of his cognitive functions, especially attention, in order to improve his sports and didactic performance. This work aims to explain the decisive role that attention plays both in the daily life of each individual person, and as a pivotal point for anatomical-physiological and sports functions related to the field of exercise science.
L’attenzione, definita come una funzione mediante la quale i processi cognitivi sono regolati attraverso la selezione ed elaborazione delle informazioni estrinseche, coinvolge diverse strutture anatomo-fisiologiche che permettono di ricevere gli input dall’ambiente esterno e di determinare le intenzioni, azioni e obiettivi che caratterizzano l’essere umano. L’attenzione è la premessa di ogni attività cognitiva e favorisce l’evoluzione dell’uomo, pertanto un suo malfunzionamento, in concomitanza con alcuni disturbi neuro-psichici o fisiologici, può implicare la comparsa di patologie come il Disturbo da Deficit di Attenzione e Iperattività (ADHD). Quest’ultimo rappresenta un disturbo neuropsichiatrico con esordio in età evolutiva, caratterizzato dalla triade disattenzione, impulsività e iperattività motoria. I bambini affetti da questa condizione, molto comune in Italia e nel mondo, possono avere ripercussioni nei relativi contesti sociali, relazionali e psicofisici con la possibile conseguenza di intaccare vari aspetti della loro vita quotidiana. Lo sport rappresenta la soluzione essenziale per prevenire questa sindrome, permettendo al bambino di incrementare, tramite l’attività fisica, l’operato delle proprie funzioni cognitive, specie l’attenzione, in modo tale da migliorare le proprie prestazioni sportive e didattiche. Questo lavoro intende spiegare il ruolo determinante che l’attenzione ricopre sia nella vita quotidiana di ogni singola persona, sia in qualità di punto cardine per le funzioni anatomo-fisiologiche e sportive inerenti all’ambito delle scienze motorie.
Sport e Attenzione: l’importanza delle dinamiche sportive nel trattamento di bambini con ADHD
RODELLA, MARCO
2022/2023
Abstract
Attention, defined as a function by which cognitive processes are regulated through the selection and processing of extrinsic information, involves different anatomical-physiological structures that allow to receive inputs from the external environment and to determine the intentions, actions and objectives that characterise the human being. Attention is the premise of every cognitive activity and favours the evolution of man, therefore its malfunction, in conjunction with some neuro-psychic or physiological disorders, may imply the appearance of pathologies such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The latter represents a neuropsychiatric disorder with onset in developmental age, characterised by the triad of attention, impulsivity and motor hyperactivity. Children suffering from this condition, very common in Italy and in the world, can have repercussions in their social, relational and psychophysical contexts with the possible consequence of affecting various aspects of their daily lives. Sport is the essential solution to prevent this syndrome, allowing the child to increase, through physical activity, the work of his cognitive functions, especially attention, in order to improve his sports and didactic performance. This work aims to explain the decisive role that attention plays both in the daily life of each individual person, and as a pivotal point for anatomical-physiological and sports functions related to the field of exercise science.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/53388