Background: As demonstrated by the literature, breast cancer is the most common neoplasm in women, accounting for 30% of malignant tumors. The diagnosis of this condition has seen an increase in recent years, with a 0.5% rise from 2020 to 2022. Surgical treatment for breast neoplasms, along with associated therapies such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, can lead to complications that result in motor disabilities. International guidelines, such as NICE 2018, report that referring patients to an early post-operative rehabilitation program, guided by motor exercises and behavioral strategies, improves upper limb functionality. From a regulatory perspective, even the PDTA of the Veneto region focuses on rehabilitating patients from day 0, the day of the surgery, following them through every therapeutic phase with targeted interventions for potential symptoms, from surgical scars to possible lymphedema if it arises. Objective: This thesis work was undertaken with the aim of creating, implementing, and monitoring an operational procedure regarding the rehabilitation process, both in the pre-operative and post-operative phases, for women undergoing breast neoplasm surgery at the Angelo Hospital in Mestre, part of the Ulss3 Serenissima healthcare company. Materials and Methods: The thesis project was carried out at the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit of Mestre-Venice within the Ulss 3 Serenissima healthcare company, specifically at the Angelo Hospital. It involved 136 participants, including 135 women and 1 man. The project went through several specific phases: first, the development of the operational procedure and informative brochures for the patients by the working group. Subsequently, the implementation process was initiated, along with an analysis of potential procedure-related risks using the FMEA (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) method, which served as the basis for creating a quality monitoring system. From November 2022 to May 2023, this operational procedure underwent an experimental phase. At the end of this phase, a departmental clinical audit was conducted, during which a plan for improvement was formulated based on the analysis of monitoring indicator results. Results: The monitoring indicator results indicated a positive outcome regarding the implementation of the procedure in the pre-operative phase. However, there are still challenges related to patient adherence to the post-operative rehabilitation pathway. Conclusions: This procedure provided an opportunity to integrate a rehabilitative aspect into a pathway that had previously been exclusively surgical, in line with current regulations and scientific evidence. Further improvement actions, some of which are already in progress, will be necessary to enhance patient adherence to post-operative rehabilitation. Ultimately, following the completion of this process, the operational procedure will be applied across all locations of the Functional Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
Background. Come dimostra la letteratura, il tumore alla mammella è la neoplasia più diffusa nelle donne e rappresenta il 30% dei tumori maligni. La diagnosi di tale patologia ha subito un incremento negli ultimi anni con un aumento del 0.5% dal 2020 al 2022. Il trattamento chirurgico per neoplasia mammaria, e i trattamenti ad esso associati, quali radio e chemioterapia possono creare delle complicanze che sono causa di disabilità motoria. Le linee guida internazionali NICE 2018 riportano che, l'invio delle pazienti ad un programma di riabilitazione post-operatoria precoce e guidato attraverso esercizi motori e strategie comportamentali migliora la funzionalità dell’arto superiore. A livello normativo, anche il PDTA della regione Veneto la presa in carico riabilitativa della paziente sin dal giorno 0, data dell’intervento, seguendola in ogni fase terapeutica con un intervento mirato alle sintomatologie che si possono manifestare, dalla cicatrice chirurgica al possibile linfedema qualora si dovesse presentare. Scopo. Il lavoro di tesi è nato con lo scopo di creare, implementare e monitorare una procedura operativa riguardo il percorso riabilitativo, nella fase pre- operatoria e post- chirurgica delle donne operate di neoplasia mammaria all’interno dell’Ospedale dell’Angelo di Mestre dell’azienda Ulss3 Serenissima. Materiali e metodi. Il progetto di tesi si è svolto presso l’UOS di Medicina Fisica e Riabilitativa di Mestre-Venezia dell’azienda ULSS 3 Serenissima, in particolare nella sede dell’Ospedale dell’Angelo e ha coinvolto 136 soggetti, di cui 135 donne e 1 uomo. Esso ha attraversato alcune fasi specifiche: dapprima la stesura della procedura operativa e degli opuscoli informativi per l’utenza da parte del gruppo di lavoro ed in seguito il processo di implementazione della stessa, facendo un’analisi dei potenziali rischi legati alla procedura con il metodo FMEA di processo, sulla base della quale è stato realizzato un sistema di monitoraggio con indicatori di qualità. Da novembre 2022 a maggio 2023 tale procedura operativa è stata poi avviata ad una fase sperimentale, alla fine della quale si è svolto un Audit clinico dipartimentale, durante il quale, attraverso l’analisi dei risultati degli indicatori di monitoraggio, si è arrivati a stilare un piano di miglioramento. Risultati. I risultati degli indicatori di monitoraggio hanno mostrato un esito positivo per quanto riguarda l’implementazione della procedura in fase pre-operatoria, mentre si evidenziano ancora delle criticità riguardo l’aderenza delle pazienti al percorso riabilitativo post-chirurgico. Conclusioni. Questa procedura ha dato l’opportunità di integrare con un aspetto riabilitativo un percorso che, fino ad ora, era stato esclusivamente chirurgico, così come previsto dalle attuali normative ed evidenze scientifiche. Ulteriori azioni di miglioramento, in parte già in corso, saranno necessarie per migliorare l’aderenza delle pazienti alla riabilitazione post-chirurgica e alla fine di questo processo, la procedura operativa verrà applicata presso tutte le sedi del Dipartimento Funzionale di Medicina Fisica e Riabilitativa.
Il percorso riabilitativo in fase pre-operatoria e post-chirurgica in pazienti affette da neoplasia mammaria: implementazione e monitoraggio di una procedura operativa presso l’azienda Ulss3 Serenissima della Regione Veneto
CHIAZZA, SILVIA
2022/2023
Abstract
Background: As demonstrated by the literature, breast cancer is the most common neoplasm in women, accounting for 30% of malignant tumors. The diagnosis of this condition has seen an increase in recent years, with a 0.5% rise from 2020 to 2022. Surgical treatment for breast neoplasms, along with associated therapies such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, can lead to complications that result in motor disabilities. International guidelines, such as NICE 2018, report that referring patients to an early post-operative rehabilitation program, guided by motor exercises and behavioral strategies, improves upper limb functionality. From a regulatory perspective, even the PDTA of the Veneto region focuses on rehabilitating patients from day 0, the day of the surgery, following them through every therapeutic phase with targeted interventions for potential symptoms, from surgical scars to possible lymphedema if it arises. Objective: This thesis work was undertaken with the aim of creating, implementing, and monitoring an operational procedure regarding the rehabilitation process, both in the pre-operative and post-operative phases, for women undergoing breast neoplasm surgery at the Angelo Hospital in Mestre, part of the Ulss3 Serenissima healthcare company. Materials and Methods: The thesis project was carried out at the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit of Mestre-Venice within the Ulss 3 Serenissima healthcare company, specifically at the Angelo Hospital. It involved 136 participants, including 135 women and 1 man. The project went through several specific phases: first, the development of the operational procedure and informative brochures for the patients by the working group. Subsequently, the implementation process was initiated, along with an analysis of potential procedure-related risks using the FMEA (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) method, which served as the basis for creating a quality monitoring system. From November 2022 to May 2023, this operational procedure underwent an experimental phase. At the end of this phase, a departmental clinical audit was conducted, during which a plan for improvement was formulated based on the analysis of monitoring indicator results. Results: The monitoring indicator results indicated a positive outcome regarding the implementation of the procedure in the pre-operative phase. However, there are still challenges related to patient adherence to the post-operative rehabilitation pathway. Conclusions: This procedure provided an opportunity to integrate a rehabilitative aspect into a pathway that had previously been exclusively surgical, in line with current regulations and scientific evidence. Further improvement actions, some of which are already in progress, will be necessary to enhance patient adherence to post-operative rehabilitation. Ultimately, following the completion of this process, the operational procedure will be applied across all locations of the Functional Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/56046