Non-verbal communication can detect emotions and influence the behavior of others. Within mental health, it can be particularly significant because it can help the nurse understand what accompanies words and what may not be said by the patient. What we want to investigate is the knowledge and the use of this form of communication by the nursing staff, as well as how it can improve the relationship between nurses and patients. To better understand the importance and the use of non-verbal communication in mental health, a questionnaire was administered to evaluate the knowledge of nurses and the difficulties faced within the nurse-patient relationship. In the questionnaire the answers included are identifying non-verbal communication as facial expressions, body movements or body language which can be voluntary or involuntary, or speaking without words. Regarding the importance of knowing how to communicate, the answers highlighted that in their work it is fundamental because it helps to understand the emotions that patients can’t communicate properly. For most of the sample of nurses, the meaning of touch, corresponds to giving comfort, calming, reducing pain and anxiety. According to the sample, the emotions that are most conveyed are positive, negative, and neutral. 59% of nurses have never participated in training courses on non-verbal communication and almost unanimously believe that it could be useful to deepen their understanding on the topic. The last part of the questionnaire asked nurses to explain, using their perception, how the course of disease can be related to the nurse-patient relationship, and, in this case, nurses responded positively and believe that the relationship can improve thanks to the construction of mutual trust, empathy and therapeutic alliance. The first purpose of the research is to explore the knowledge of non-verbal communication among nursing staff working in mental health. The importance of this form of communication in mental health is underlined by the participants’ answers, as they consider it a key element in establishing an effective relationship. Expressing emotions through non-verbal means is complex and can convey a wide range of feelings. Nurses also recognize that understanding micro-movements can help prevent situations of aggression and injury. While touch can be used to relieve patients’ anxiety and discomfort. In conclusion, the challenges faced by nurses in understanding non-verbal communication could help highlight the importance of more in-depth training in this area. In fact, the majority consider it advantageous to participate in training courses to improve their skills. In addition, nurses emphasized how having an effective relationship can improve hospitalization, illness, and post-discharge rehabilitation; in fact, empathy, active listening, and trust can contribute to improve compliance with therapy treatment, self-care, and early rehabilitation. This research has achieved significant goals and results. It has been demonstrated that non-verbal communication is extremely important for nurses, especially when it comes to patients suffering from mental disorders. In fact, non-verbal communication appears to play a central and even predominant role in communication in these contexts; non-verbal communication conveys a wide range of emotions, and it is crucial for both nursing staff and patients with impaired communication to recognize and understand these emotions. Nurses must also be conscious of what they are conveying to the patient through non-verbal behavior because it’s a mutual form of communication and it must be effectively managed to improve the nurse-patient relationship. In conclusion, recognizing the importance of non-verbal communication and improving these skills can contribute to enhancing the quality of care provided in mental health.
La comunicazione non verbale può rilevare emozioni e influenzare il comportamento degli altri e può risultare significativa nei contesti di salute mentale. Ciò che si vuole indagare è la conoscenza e l’utilizzo di questa forma di comunicazione da parte del personale infermieristico e cosa comporta all’interno della relazione terapeutica nei contesti di salute mentale. Per comprendere al meglio l’importanza e l’utilizzo della comunicazione non verbale, è stato somministrato un questionario mirato a valutare la conoscenza degli infermieri e le difficoltà riscontrate all’interno della relazione terapeutica infermiere-paziente. Le risposte sono state di identificare la comunicazione non verbale come espressione facciale, come movimenti del corpo, linguaggio del corpo, come volontario o non consapevole e ancora non parlare a voce. Per quanto riguarda, invece, l’importanza della conoscenza della comunicazione non verbale, le risposte hanno evidenziato che nel loro lavoro è fondamentale perché aiuta a capire le emozioni che i pazienti non riescono a comunicare in modo efficace. Il significato del tocco per la maggior parte del campione corrisponde al dare comfort, calmare, ridurre il dolore e l’ansia. Le emozioni, invece, che vengono maggiormente trasmesse, secondo il campione, sono positive, negative e neutrali. Il 59% degli infermieri non ha mai partecipato a corsi di formazione sulla comunicazione non verbale e quasi l’unanimità pensa che sarebbe utile approfondire l’argomento. L’ultima parte del questionario ha interrogato gli infermieri sul decorso della malattia con riferimento alla relazione d’aiuto infermiere-paziente. In questo caso gli infermieri hanno risposto in maniera positiva e sono dell’opinione che la relazione possa avere un impatto positivo sul corso della malattia grazie alla costruzione di fiducia reciproca, empatia e l’instaurazione di un’alleanza terapeutica. Il primo obiettivo della ricerca è quello di esplorare la conoscenza della comunicazione non verbale tra il personale infermieristico che opera nel contesto di salute mentale. L’importanza di questa forma di comunicazione nell’ambito della salute mentale è evidenziata dalle risposte dei partecipanti, i quali ritengono che sia un elemento chiave nella creazione di una relazione terapeutica efficace. L'espressione delle emozioni attraverso il non verbale è complessa e può trasmettere una vasta gamma di sentimenti. Il personale infermieristico interpellato riconosce anche che la comprensione dei micromovimenti può aiutare a prevenire situazioni di aggressività e lesioni, mentre il tocco può essere utilizzato per alleviare l'ansia e il disagio dei pazienti. Infine, le sfide incontrate dagli infermieri nell'utilizzo della comunicazione non verbale hanno potuto aiutare a mettere in luce l'importanza di una formazione più approfondita in questo ambito. Infatti, la maggioranza ritiene vantaggioso la partecipazione a corsi di formazione per approfondire le loro abilità in merito. Inoltre, il campione interrogato ha sottolineato come avere una relazione terapeutica efficace possa migliorare la degenza, il decorso della malattia e la riabilitazione post dimissione, infatti, attraverso l’empatia, l’ascolto attivo e la fiducia possono contribuire a una maggiore aderenza alla terapia, all’autocura nonché ad una riabilitazione precoce e ottimale. Il linguaggio non verbale sembra occupare un ruolo centrale e persino predominante nella comunicazione in questi contesti; la comunicazione non verbale trasmette una vasta gamma di emozioni in maniera bidirezionale e deve essere gestita in maniera efficace per migliorare la relazione d'aiuto. In definitiva, il riconoscimento dell'importanza della comunicazione non verbale e il migliorare le competenze possono contribuire a rendere più efficace la qualità dell'assistenza.
La comunicazione non verbale nella relazione d'aiuto: conoscenza e utilizzo da parte del personale infermieristico in ambito di salute mentale
D'ACO, VERONICA
2022/2023
Abstract
Non-verbal communication can detect emotions and influence the behavior of others. Within mental health, it can be particularly significant because it can help the nurse understand what accompanies words and what may not be said by the patient. What we want to investigate is the knowledge and the use of this form of communication by the nursing staff, as well as how it can improve the relationship between nurses and patients. To better understand the importance and the use of non-verbal communication in mental health, a questionnaire was administered to evaluate the knowledge of nurses and the difficulties faced within the nurse-patient relationship. In the questionnaire the answers included are identifying non-verbal communication as facial expressions, body movements or body language which can be voluntary or involuntary, or speaking without words. Regarding the importance of knowing how to communicate, the answers highlighted that in their work it is fundamental because it helps to understand the emotions that patients can’t communicate properly. For most of the sample of nurses, the meaning of touch, corresponds to giving comfort, calming, reducing pain and anxiety. According to the sample, the emotions that are most conveyed are positive, negative, and neutral. 59% of nurses have never participated in training courses on non-verbal communication and almost unanimously believe that it could be useful to deepen their understanding on the topic. The last part of the questionnaire asked nurses to explain, using their perception, how the course of disease can be related to the nurse-patient relationship, and, in this case, nurses responded positively and believe that the relationship can improve thanks to the construction of mutual trust, empathy and therapeutic alliance. The first purpose of the research is to explore the knowledge of non-verbal communication among nursing staff working in mental health. The importance of this form of communication in mental health is underlined by the participants’ answers, as they consider it a key element in establishing an effective relationship. Expressing emotions through non-verbal means is complex and can convey a wide range of feelings. Nurses also recognize that understanding micro-movements can help prevent situations of aggression and injury. While touch can be used to relieve patients’ anxiety and discomfort. In conclusion, the challenges faced by nurses in understanding non-verbal communication could help highlight the importance of more in-depth training in this area. In fact, the majority consider it advantageous to participate in training courses to improve their skills. In addition, nurses emphasized how having an effective relationship can improve hospitalization, illness, and post-discharge rehabilitation; in fact, empathy, active listening, and trust can contribute to improve compliance with therapy treatment, self-care, and early rehabilitation. This research has achieved significant goals and results. It has been demonstrated that non-verbal communication is extremely important for nurses, especially when it comes to patients suffering from mental disorders. In fact, non-verbal communication appears to play a central and even predominant role in communication in these contexts; non-verbal communication conveys a wide range of emotions, and it is crucial for both nursing staff and patients with impaired communication to recognize and understand these emotions. Nurses must also be conscious of what they are conveying to the patient through non-verbal behavior because it’s a mutual form of communication and it must be effectively managed to improve the nurse-patient relationship. In conclusion, recognizing the importance of non-verbal communication and improving these skills can contribute to enhancing the quality of care provided in mental health.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/57175