Background: Loneliness and social isolation have become a health problem public also due to the progressive increase in the elderly population. The literature In fact, scientific evidence shows that loneliness and isolation can have multiple consequences negative consequences for the psycho-physical health of the elderly. During aging, the individual is exposed in himself to a series of physiological and psychological changes that may interfere with its ability and willingness to interface and interact with the the surrounding environment and with people. If loneliness is added to these changes and isolation the elderly person is even more at risk of experiencing a worse state of health with a worse consequence of the quality of life. Loneliness, negatively affecting everyone aspects of the life of the elderly, can speed up the process of decay of the organism. Aims of the review: the objectives of the thesis are to investigate and report, with reference to the most recent scientific literature, the effects of loneliness and isolation social consequences for the elderly at a physiological and psychosocial level. This thesis also has the aim of making known interventions that can be useful to combat loneliness and the isolation of older people, with particular attention to the role of the nurse in promotion and implementation of the same. Materials and methods: articles and publications were analyzed to write the thesis related to the topic present on the online databases PubMed and ScienceDirect ed information obtained from websites. They were also identified, analyzed and reported in test two loneliness rating scales, which have proven useful in identifying subjects who experience loneliness, such as the UCLA Lonenity Scale and the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Results: it emerged that the negative effects of loneliness on the frail elderly are numerous and can further put your health at risk. These are, for example, imbalances hormonal, the acceleration of cognitive decline, the aggravation of pre-existing conditions comorbidities, greater exposure to anxiety and depression: these consequences negative perpetuate the vicious circle that is triggered between loneliness, isolation, worsening of psycho-physical health and quality of life. Conclusions: useful interventions have emerged from the research conducted to combat loneliness and to consequently improve the psycho-physical state of health and quality of life of the elderly. The The nurse's role is important both to detect experiences of loneliness and to promote useful interventions to combat it. Key Words: “Loneliness”, “Social Isolation”, “Aging”, “Elderly”, “Fragility”, “COVID-19”.
Background: la solitudine e l’isolamento sociale sono diventati un problema di sanità pubblica anche per il progressivo aumento della popolazione anziana. La letteratura scientifica dimostra infatti che la solitudine e l’isolamento possono comportare molteplici conseguenze negative per la salute psico-fisica dell’anziano. Durante l’invecchiamento, l’individuo è esposto di per sé ad una serie di modificazioni fisiologiche e psicologiche che possono interferire con la sua capacità e la sua volontà di interfacciarsi ed interagire con il l’ambiente circostante e con le persone. Se a questi cambiamenti si aggiungono la solitudine e l’isolamento l’anziano è ancor più a rischio di incorrere in un peggior stato di salute con una conseguente peggiore qualità di vita. La solitudine, influendo negativamente su tutti gli aspetti della vita dell’anziano, può velocizzare il processo di decadimento dell’organismo. Scopi della revisione: gli obiettivi della tesi sono quelli di indagare e riportare, con riferimento alla letteratura scientifica più recente, gli effetti che la solitudine e l’isolamento sociale comportano per l’anziano a livello fisiologico e psicosociale. Questa tesi ha inoltre lo scopo di far conoscere degli interventi che possono essere utili a contrastare la solitudine e l’isolamento delle persone anziane, con particolare attenzione al ruolo dell’infermiere nella promozione e nella realizzazione degli stessi. Materiali e metodi: per la stesura della tesi sono stati analizzati articoli e pubblicazioni inerenti all’argomento presenti sulle banche dati online PubMed e ScienceDirect ed informazioni ricavate da siti web. Sono state inoltre individuate, analizzate e riportate nel testo due scale di valutazione della solitudine, che si sono dimostrate utili nell’individuare i soggetti che sperimentano la solitudine, quali la UCLA Loneliness Scale e la De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Risultati: è emerso che gli effetti negativi della solitudine sull’anziano fragile sono numerosi e possono porre ulteriormente a rischio la sua salute. Questi sono ad esempio gli squilibri ormonali, l’accelerazione del decadimento cognitivo, l’aggravamento delle preesistenti comorbilità, una maggiore esposizione all’ansia ed alla depressione: tali conseguenze negative perpetuano il circolo vizioso che si innesca tra solitudine, isolamento, peggioramento della salute psico-fisica e della qualità di vita. Conclusioni: dalla ricerca condotta sono emersi interventi utili a contrastare la solitudine e a migliorare di conseguenza lo stato di salute psico-fisico e la qualità di vita degli anziani. Il ruolo dell’infermiere è importante sia per rilevare i vissuti di solitudine sia per promuovere interventi utili a contrastarla. Key Words: “Loneliness”, “Social Isolation”, “Aging”, “Elderly”, “Fragility”, “COVID-19”.
L'anziano e la solitudine: analisi e possibili interventi
GAIANI, MARIACHIARA
2022/2023
Abstract
Background: Loneliness and social isolation have become a health problem public also due to the progressive increase in the elderly population. The literature In fact, scientific evidence shows that loneliness and isolation can have multiple consequences negative consequences for the psycho-physical health of the elderly. During aging, the individual is exposed in himself to a series of physiological and psychological changes that may interfere with its ability and willingness to interface and interact with the the surrounding environment and with people. If loneliness is added to these changes and isolation the elderly person is even more at risk of experiencing a worse state of health with a worse consequence of the quality of life. Loneliness, negatively affecting everyone aspects of the life of the elderly, can speed up the process of decay of the organism. Aims of the review: the objectives of the thesis are to investigate and report, with reference to the most recent scientific literature, the effects of loneliness and isolation social consequences for the elderly at a physiological and psychosocial level. This thesis also has the aim of making known interventions that can be useful to combat loneliness and the isolation of older people, with particular attention to the role of the nurse in promotion and implementation of the same. Materials and methods: articles and publications were analyzed to write the thesis related to the topic present on the online databases PubMed and ScienceDirect ed information obtained from websites. They were also identified, analyzed and reported in test two loneliness rating scales, which have proven useful in identifying subjects who experience loneliness, such as the UCLA Lonenity Scale and the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Results: it emerged that the negative effects of loneliness on the frail elderly are numerous and can further put your health at risk. These are, for example, imbalances hormonal, the acceleration of cognitive decline, the aggravation of pre-existing conditions comorbidities, greater exposure to anxiety and depression: these consequences negative perpetuate the vicious circle that is triggered between loneliness, isolation, worsening of psycho-physical health and quality of life. Conclusions: useful interventions have emerged from the research conducted to combat loneliness and to consequently improve the psycho-physical state of health and quality of life of the elderly. The The nurse's role is important both to detect experiences of loneliness and to promote useful interventions to combat it. Key Words: “Loneliness”, “Social Isolation”, “Aging”, “Elderly”, “Fragility”, “COVID-19”.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/57195