INTRODUCTION. Vocational socialization refers to the means by which each individual acquires attitudes, values and attributes of a given profession, which are then embodied in the formation of a sense of commitment and identity in the professional field. PURPOSE. The purpose of this study is to analyze what is the perception of the general population with respect to the social role of midwifery today in Italy, through the analy-sis of expectations towards the services offered by the National Health System (NHS). An analysis was also done on the respondents belonging to the medical/health care field to understand whether they have a different perception compared to the general popula-tion. MATERIALS AND METHODS. To perform this type of study, a 12-question anony-mous questionnaire was created on Google Forms. The first questions deal with the re-spondent's biographical information: gender, age, educational qualification and whether student/worker in the health care field; the next questions, on the other hand, deal with the services that can be offered to the population by health care professionals including midwife(s). The questionnaire was then sent through social platforms (WhatsApp) to the entire population (men and women), both over and under age between July 19 and July 30, 2023. RESULTS. The questionnaire created obtained a total of 263 responses. Most of the re-spondents turn out to be female (86.7 percent) with ages between 25 and 40 (48.7 per-cent), possessing a high school diploma (46.8 percent), and most of them (45.6 percent) do not belong to the medical/health care field due to study or work issues. At the level of the general population, the social role of the midwife/ midwife appears to be questio-nable, despite being affirmed in some areas. The midwife/ midwife is affirmed as a health figure for courses accompanying birth, for support at the time of delivery and for breastfeeding support. For the remaining services (preconception visit, pelvic floor as-sessment, support for menopausal women, support for new parents during the first year of their child's life, and physiological pregnancy assistance), it does not appear to be considered among the principle figures. Then analyzing each age group of the population divided as follows: <18 years old, 18-25 years old, 25-40 years old, 40-60 years old, and over 60 years old, the responses obtained overlapped with those of the general popula-tion, except for two questions. On the other hand, with regard to respondents pertaining to the medical-health field, the results compared with the general population, did not differ except for the question re-garding physiological pregnancy. DISCUSSION. Despite the fact that the midwife possesses the appropriate skills and knowledge to be able to provide each of the services investigated in the questionnaire, her social role is found to be insignificant for most of the services. It is confirmed in only three specific areas such as childbirth assistance, support to mothers during breast-feeding and conducting birth coaching classes. CONCLUSION. The study presented here gives us an overview of the perception with respect to the social role of the midwife by the population, although the sample is still limited and not representative of the entire population. The social role of the midwife/ midwife still remains unimportant in many areas, this most likely because the population is not aware of the services that the midwife can offer and about the skills of this health professional. Therefore, it would be useful to implement the dissemination of informa-tion regarding the services that can be offered to the community by the health figure of the midwife.
INTRODUZIONE. Per socializzazione professionale si intende lo strumento attraverso il quale ogni soggetto acquisisce attitudini, valori e attributi di una determinata professione, che si concretizzano poi nella formazione del senso di impegno e di identità in campo professionale. SCOPO. Lo scopo di questo studio è quello di analizzare quale sia la percezione della popolazione generale rispetto al ruolo sociale dell’ostetrica/o oggi in Italia, attraverso l’analisi delle aspettative nei confronti dei servizi offerti dal Sistema Sanitario Nazionale (SSN). È stata fatta inoltre un’analisi sugli intervistati appartenenti all’ambito medico-sanitario per comprendere se rispetto alla popolazione generale abbiano una percezione differente. MATERIALI E METODI. Per eseguire questo tipo di studio, è stato creato un questionario anonimo di 12 domande su Google Moduli. Le prime domande riguardano l’anagrafica dell’intervistato: sesso, età, titolo di studio e se studente/lavoratore in ambito medico-sanitario, le successive domande invece riguardano i servizi che possono essere offerti alla popolazione da professionisti sanitari tra cui l’ostetrica/o. Il questionario è stato poi trasmesso attraverso piattaforme social (WhatsApp) a tutta la popolazione (uomini e donne), sia maggiorenni che minorenni tra il 19 luglio e il 30 luglio 2023. RISULTATI. Il questionario creato ha ottenuto un totale di 263 risposte. La maggior parte degli intervistati risulta essere di sesso femminile (86,7%) con età compresa tra i 25 ed i 40 anni (48,7 %), in possesso di diploma di scuola media superiore (46,8%) e la maggior parte di essi (45,6%) non afferisce all’ambito medico-sanitario per questioni di studio o lavoro. A livello di popolazione generale, il ruolo sociale dell’ostetrica/o risulta essere discutibile, nonostante si affermi in alcuni ambiti. La figura dell’ostetrica/o si afferma come figura sanitaria per corsi di accompagnamento alla nascita, per il sostegno al momento del parto e per il sostegno all’allattamento. Per i restanti servizi (visita preconcezionale, valutazione pavimento pelvico, sostegno alle donne in menopausa, sostegno ai neogenitori durante il primo anno di vita del proprio figlio, assistenza gravidanza fisiologica), non risulta essere considerata tra le figure principi. Analizzando poi ciascuna fascia d’età della popolazione così divisa: <18 anni, 18-25 anni, 25-40 anni, 40-60 anni e over 60, le risposte ottenute sono sovrapponibili a quelle della popolazione generale, salvo per due domande. Per quanto riguarda invece gli intervistati afferenti all’ambito medico-sanitario, i risultati rispetto alla popolazione generale, non si discostano fatta eccezione per la domanda riguardante la gravidanza fisiologica. DISCUSSIONE. Nonostante l’ostetrica/o sia in possesso delle competenze e delle conoscenze adeguate per poter offrire ciascun servizio indagato nel questionario, il suo ruolo sociale risulta essere poco rilevante per la maggior parte dei servizi. Si conferma solo in tre specifici ambiti quali l’assistenza al parto, il sostegno alle madri durante l’allattamento e la conduzione dei corsi di accompagnamento alla nascita. CONCLUSIONE. Lo studio qui presentato ci offre una panoramica sulla percezione rispetto al ruolo sociale dell’ostetrica/o da parte della popolazione, nonostante il campione sia comunque limitato e non rappresentativo di tutta la popolazione. Il ruolo sociale dell’ostetrica/o resta ancora poco rilevante in molti ambiti, questo molto probabilmente perché la popolazione non è a conoscenza dei servizi che l’ostetrica/o può offrire e delle competenze di questo professionista sanitario. Sarebbe quindi utile implementare la diffusione di informazioni riguardo ai servizi che possono essere offerti alla comunità dalla figura sanitaria dell’ostetrica/o.
Studio osservazionale sulla socializzazione al ruolo dell’ostetrica/o
VIDOTTO, ALICE
2022/2023
Abstract
INTRODUCTION. Vocational socialization refers to the means by which each individual acquires attitudes, values and attributes of a given profession, which are then embodied in the formation of a sense of commitment and identity in the professional field. PURPOSE. The purpose of this study is to analyze what is the perception of the general population with respect to the social role of midwifery today in Italy, through the analy-sis of expectations towards the services offered by the National Health System (NHS). An analysis was also done on the respondents belonging to the medical/health care field to understand whether they have a different perception compared to the general popula-tion. MATERIALS AND METHODS. To perform this type of study, a 12-question anony-mous questionnaire was created on Google Forms. The first questions deal with the re-spondent's biographical information: gender, age, educational qualification and whether student/worker in the health care field; the next questions, on the other hand, deal with the services that can be offered to the population by health care professionals including midwife(s). The questionnaire was then sent through social platforms (WhatsApp) to the entire population (men and women), both over and under age between July 19 and July 30, 2023. RESULTS. The questionnaire created obtained a total of 263 responses. Most of the re-spondents turn out to be female (86.7 percent) with ages between 25 and 40 (48.7 per-cent), possessing a high school diploma (46.8 percent), and most of them (45.6 percent) do not belong to the medical/health care field due to study or work issues. At the level of the general population, the social role of the midwife/ midwife appears to be questio-nable, despite being affirmed in some areas. The midwife/ midwife is affirmed as a health figure for courses accompanying birth, for support at the time of delivery and for breastfeeding support. For the remaining services (preconception visit, pelvic floor as-sessment, support for menopausal women, support for new parents during the first year of their child's life, and physiological pregnancy assistance), it does not appear to be considered among the principle figures. Then analyzing each age group of the population divided as follows: <18 years old, 18-25 years old, 25-40 years old, 40-60 years old, and over 60 years old, the responses obtained overlapped with those of the general popula-tion, except for two questions. On the other hand, with regard to respondents pertaining to the medical-health field, the results compared with the general population, did not differ except for the question re-garding physiological pregnancy. DISCUSSION. Despite the fact that the midwife possesses the appropriate skills and knowledge to be able to provide each of the services investigated in the questionnaire, her social role is found to be insignificant for most of the services. It is confirmed in only three specific areas such as childbirth assistance, support to mothers during breast-feeding and conducting birth coaching classes. CONCLUSION. The study presented here gives us an overview of the perception with respect to the social role of the midwife by the population, although the sample is still limited and not representative of the entire population. The social role of the midwife/ midwife still remains unimportant in many areas, this most likely because the population is not aware of the services that the midwife can offer and about the skills of this health professional. Therefore, it would be useful to implement the dissemination of informa-tion regarding the services that can be offered to the community by the health figure of the midwife.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/57791