Introduction: Terrien's marginal degeneration is a rare ocular condition characterized by peripheral corneal thinning, vascularization, opacity, and lipid deposition, manifested by decreased visual acuity generated by altered corneal morphology. Although the exact etiology is unknown, hypotheses focus on possible degenerative and inflammatory origins. Non-surgical therapeutic approaches include the use of spectacles, rigid gas-permeable and scleral contact lenses; however, when corneal thickness reaches 150 μm, surgical interventions, including tectonic grafting and lamellar keratoplasty, may be necessary. Purpose: This thesis aims to describe a clinical case, which first came to our observation at the Eye Clinic of the University Hospital of Padua in February 2020, and was a stimulus for a thorough review of the most recent literature. Materials and methods: 23 publications in the biomedical database Pubmed were considered, analyzed and compared to capture the state of the art in pathology. Subsequently, the information collected was compared with the clinical case data, the practical support point of the study. Finally, an additional 9 case reports were gathered, relating them to the case in our charge, in order to understand the rationale guiding therapeutic choice. Discussion: considering the multiplicity of factors influencing the pathology, such as clinical stage, age of the patient and of the disease’s onset, possible complications or concomitant ophthalmologic and/or systemic pathologies, it is not possible to rely on a one-size-fits-all protocol in the treatment of TMD; rather, therapy must follow the specifics of each individual clinical picture. Conclusions: despite TMD is a rare and poorly known disease, thanks to the latest generation of diagnostic tools, it is possible to investigate the different signs more accurately, identifying even suspicious cases early, making a proper differential diagnosis, and finally planning follow-up and possible therapeutic interventions appropriately.
ABSTRACT (ITALIAN VERSION) Introduzione: la degenerazione marginale di Terrien è una rara condizione oculare caratterizzata da assottigliamento corneale periferico, vascolarizzazione, opacità e deposito di lipidi, che si manifesta con una diminuzione dell’acuità visiva generata dall’alterata morfologia corneale. Sebbene l'esatta eziologia sia sconosciuta, le ipotesi si concentrano su possibili origini degenerative ed infiammatorie. Gli approcci terapeutici non chirurgici prevedono l’uso di occhiali, lenti a contatto rigide gas permeabili e sclerali; tuttavia, quando lo spessore corneale raggiunge i 150 μm, possono essere necessari interventi chirurgici, tra cui l'innesto tettonico e la cheratoplastica lamellare. Scopo: questo elaborato intende descrivere un caso clinico, giunto per la prima volta alla nostra osservazione presso la Clinica Oculistica dell’Azienda Ospedaliera-Università di Padova nel febbraio 2020, che ha rappresentato uno stimolo per un’approfondita revisione della letteratura più recente. Materiali e metodi: sono state prese in considerazione 23 pubblicazioni presenti nella banca dati di carattere biomedico Pubmed, analizzandole e mettendole a confronto per cogliere lo stato dell’arte della patologia. Successivamente, le informazioni raccolte sono state comparate con i dati relativi al caso clinico, punto di appoggio pratico dello studio. Infine, sono stati raccolti ulteriori 9 case reports, confrontandoli con il caso di nostra competenza, al fine di comprendere il razionale che guida nella scelta terapeutica. Discussione: considerando la molteplicità dei fattori che influenzano la patologia, quali lo stadio clinico, l’età del paziente e dell’insorgenza della malattia, eventuali complicanze o patologie concomitanti oftalmologiche e/o sistemiche, non è possibile basarsi su un protocollo univoco nella cura della TMD, bensì la terapia deve seguire le specificità di ogni singolo quadro clinico. Conclusioni: nonostante la TMD sia una malattia rara e scarsamente nota, grazie agli strumenti diagnostici di ultima generazione, è possibile indagare i diversi segni con maggior precisione, identificando precocemente anche i casi sospetti, procedendo ad una corretta diagnosi differenziale, ed infine impostando adeguatamente follow-up ed eventuali interventi terapeutici
Degenerazione marginale di Terrien: dal caso clinico all'analisi della letteratura
GUGLIELMO, MARTINA
2022/2023
Abstract
Introduction: Terrien's marginal degeneration is a rare ocular condition characterized by peripheral corneal thinning, vascularization, opacity, and lipid deposition, manifested by decreased visual acuity generated by altered corneal morphology. Although the exact etiology is unknown, hypotheses focus on possible degenerative and inflammatory origins. Non-surgical therapeutic approaches include the use of spectacles, rigid gas-permeable and scleral contact lenses; however, when corneal thickness reaches 150 μm, surgical interventions, including tectonic grafting and lamellar keratoplasty, may be necessary. Purpose: This thesis aims to describe a clinical case, which first came to our observation at the Eye Clinic of the University Hospital of Padua in February 2020, and was a stimulus for a thorough review of the most recent literature. Materials and methods: 23 publications in the biomedical database Pubmed were considered, analyzed and compared to capture the state of the art in pathology. Subsequently, the information collected was compared with the clinical case data, the practical support point of the study. Finally, an additional 9 case reports were gathered, relating them to the case in our charge, in order to understand the rationale guiding therapeutic choice. Discussion: considering the multiplicity of factors influencing the pathology, such as clinical stage, age of the patient and of the disease’s onset, possible complications or concomitant ophthalmologic and/or systemic pathologies, it is not possible to rely on a one-size-fits-all protocol in the treatment of TMD; rather, therapy must follow the specifics of each individual clinical picture. Conclusions: despite TMD is a rare and poorly known disease, thanks to the latest generation of diagnostic tools, it is possible to investigate the different signs more accurately, identifying even suspicious cases early, making a proper differential diagnosis, and finally planning follow-up and possible therapeutic interventions appropriately.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/58189