Cardiac arrest is the third cause of death in the world, it is estimated that around 60 thousand people in Italy alone are victims of this time-dependent event. On a pathophysiological level, for every minute that passes after arrest, 10% of vital functions are lost. After 10 minutes the damage is essentially irreversible. The brain begins to lose part of its functions within 2-3 minutes. Starting resuscitation maneuvers as soon as possible is essential for the victim's survival. Spreading awareness of the BLS allows you to act before the emergency services have time to arrive on site. In Italy all citizens are required to provide first aid and thanks to new regulations, the teaching of first aid has also been introduced in schools. Goals: Define whether school-age children are able to learn and carry out effective resuscitation maneuvers and what teaching methods can be used. Materials and methods: Systematic literature review via Medline, Scopus and Google Scholar portal. 473 articles were reviewed to select and summarize 23 in total. Results: New innovative methods such as the use of virtual reality, apps and video games can be useful aids to complement traditional teaching, as from the studies found, they have not obtained inferior results compared to classical approaches. The use of low-cost aids, such as educational cards, booklets, interactive cubes and songs have also achieved good results in terms of long-term information retention, especially for elementary age children. Regarding the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary maneuvers performed by children, many studies were found that agreed that the quality of the maneuvers increased in direct proportion with age, weight, height and BMI, starting to achieve similar results to those of adults starting from 12-13 years of age.
L’arresto cardiaco è la terza causa di morte nel mondo, si stima che circa 60 mila persone solo in Italia siano vittime di questo evento tempo dipendente. A livello fisiopatologico per ogni minuto che passa dall’arresto si perdono il 10% delle funzioni vitali. Dopo 10 minuti i danni sono sostanzialmente irreversibili. L’encefalo inizia a perdere parte delle sue funzioni già entro 2-3 minuti. Iniziare quindi le manovre rianimatorie nel più breve tempo possibile è fondamentale per la sopravvivenza della vittima. Diffondere la conoscenza del BLS permette di agire prima che i soccorsi facciano in tempo ad arrivare sul luogo. In Italia tutti i cittadini sono tenuti a prestare soccorso e grazie a nuove normative si è introdotto anche l’insegnamento del primo soccorso nelle scuole. Obiettivi: Definire se i bambini in età scolare siano in grado di imparare ed effettuare manovre rianimatorie efficaci e quali sono i metodi di insegnamento utilizzabili. Materiali e metodi: Revisione sistematica della letteratura tramite portale Medline, Scopus e Google Scholar. Sono stati revisionati inizialmente 473 articoli per arrivare a selezionarne e schematizzarne 23 in totale. Risultati: I nuovi metodi innovativi come l’uso della realtà virtuale, app e videogame, possono essere ausili utili da affiancare ad un insegnamento tradizionale, in quanto dagli studi trovati, non hanno ottenuto risultati inferiori rispetto agli approcci classici. L’impiego di ausili a basso costo, come card educative, libretti, cubi interattivi e canzoni hanno ottenuto anch’essi buoni risultati a livello di ritenzione delle informazioni nel lungo termine, soprattutto per i bambini di età elementare. Per quanto riguarda l’efficacia delle manovre cardiopolmonari svolte dai bambini, sono stati trovati molti studi che concordavano che la qualità delle manovre aumentava in modo direttamente proporzionale con l’età, il peso, l’altezza e il BMI, iniziando a raggiungere risultati simili a quelli degli degli adulti a partire dai 12-13 anni d’età.
Impariamo a rianimare. Revisione della letteratura sui metodi educativi e sull’efficacia della rianimazione cardiopolmonare svolta dai bambini.
PADOIN, MARTINA
2022/2023
Abstract
Cardiac arrest is the third cause of death in the world, it is estimated that around 60 thousand people in Italy alone are victims of this time-dependent event. On a pathophysiological level, for every minute that passes after arrest, 10% of vital functions are lost. After 10 minutes the damage is essentially irreversible. The brain begins to lose part of its functions within 2-3 minutes. Starting resuscitation maneuvers as soon as possible is essential for the victim's survival. Spreading awareness of the BLS allows you to act before the emergency services have time to arrive on site. In Italy all citizens are required to provide first aid and thanks to new regulations, the teaching of first aid has also been introduced in schools. Goals: Define whether school-age children are able to learn and carry out effective resuscitation maneuvers and what teaching methods can be used. Materials and methods: Systematic literature review via Medline, Scopus and Google Scholar portal. 473 articles were reviewed to select and summarize 23 in total. Results: New innovative methods such as the use of virtual reality, apps and video games can be useful aids to complement traditional teaching, as from the studies found, they have not obtained inferior results compared to classical approaches. The use of low-cost aids, such as educational cards, booklets, interactive cubes and songs have also achieved good results in terms of long-term information retention, especially for elementary age children. Regarding the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary maneuvers performed by children, many studies were found that agreed that the quality of the maneuvers increased in direct proportion with age, weight, height and BMI, starting to achieve similar results to those of adults starting from 12-13 years of age.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/58276