Objective: The Occupational Therapist is a health professional trained to identify, assess, and intervene on the person's own characteristics, elements affecting the specific task, and environmental or contextual aspects that may limit or facilitate occupational performance. Building on this, a literature search was conducted regarding dysgraphia as a specific learning disorder that affects writing, words, and numbers and has a strong impact on children's daily and school life. In addition, how sensory integration can affect the writing process was investigated. Methods: literature search was conducted through the following search engines: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Google Scholar. Articles are selected using the following keywords: handwriting, dysgraphia, executive functions, sensory integration, Jean Ayres, Montessori, environment, occupational therapy, activities of daily living, learning disabilities. To carry out the critical analysis of the selected articles, the following analysis tools were used: - For quantitative studies: McMaster - Critical Review Form-Quantitative studies by Law, M. et al. 1998 - For qualitative studies: McMaster - Critical Review Form- Qualitative studies by Letts, L. and others 2007 Results and conclusions: starting from the initial premises, it was found that children experience a reduction primarily in the quality of the graphic gesture, but also in other skills such as maybe coordination, body awareness, spatial awareness and management. The child with dysgraphia often experiences challenges in managing his or her school tools and doing homework independently. An occupational therapist can intervene in all three dimensions of occupation (self-care, productivity, and leisure), primarily providing treatment for dysgraphia and its consequences in school, but also with regard to its impact on the child's daily routine
Obiettivo: Il Terapista Occupazionale è un professionista sanitario formato per individuare, valutare ed intervenire riguardo le caratteristiche proprie della persona, gli elementi che riguardano il compito specifico e gli aspetti ambientali o del contesto che possono limitare o facilitare la performance occupazionale. Partendo da ciò è stata svolta una ricerca bibliografica riguardante la disgrafia come disturbo specifico dell’apprendimento che interessa la scrittura, le parole e i numeri e che ha un forte impatto sulla vita quotidiana e scolastica dei bambini. Inoltre è stata indagato come l’integrazione sensoriale può influenzare il processo di scrittura. Materiali e metodi: è stata svolta ricerca in letteratura attraverso i seguenti motori di ricerca: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Google Scholar. Gli articoli sono selezionati utilizzando le seguenti parole chiave: handwriting, dysgraphia, executive functions, sensory integration, Jean Ayres, Montessori, environment, occupational therapy, activities of daily living, learning disabilities. Per svolgere l’analisi critica degli articoli selezionati, sono stati utilizzati i seguenti strumenti di analisi: - Per gli studi quantitativi: McMaster – Critical Review Form-Quantitative studies di Law, M. e altri 1998 - Per gli studi qualitativi: McMaster – Critical Review Form – Qualitative studies di Letts, L. e altri 2007 Risultati e conclusioni: partendo dalle premesse iniziali, è risultato che i bambini sperimentano una riduzione in primis della qualità del gesto grafico, ma anche di altre capacità come possono essere la coordinazione, la consapevolezza corporea, la conoscenza e la gestione dello spazio. Il bambino con disgrafia manifesta spesso difficoltà nell’organizzazione del materiale scolastico e nello svolgere i compiti a casa in modo autonomo. Il terapista occupazionale può inserirsi in tutte le 3 aree di performance occupazionale (cura di sé, produttività e tempo libero), riuscendo a fare riabilitazione in primis per la disgrafia e il suo impatto prettamente scolastico, ma anche per quanto riguarda il suo impatto nella vita quotidiana del bambino.
L'efficacia e l'utilità della terapia occupazionale e dell'integrazione sensoriale in bambini con disgrafia.
PILATI, MATTIA
2022/2023
Abstract
Objective: The Occupational Therapist is a health professional trained to identify, assess, and intervene on the person's own characteristics, elements affecting the specific task, and environmental or contextual aspects that may limit or facilitate occupational performance. Building on this, a literature search was conducted regarding dysgraphia as a specific learning disorder that affects writing, words, and numbers and has a strong impact on children's daily and school life. In addition, how sensory integration can affect the writing process was investigated. Methods: literature search was conducted through the following search engines: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Google Scholar. Articles are selected using the following keywords: handwriting, dysgraphia, executive functions, sensory integration, Jean Ayres, Montessori, environment, occupational therapy, activities of daily living, learning disabilities. To carry out the critical analysis of the selected articles, the following analysis tools were used: - For quantitative studies: McMaster - Critical Review Form-Quantitative studies by Law, M. et al. 1998 - For qualitative studies: McMaster - Critical Review Form- Qualitative studies by Letts, L. and others 2007 Results and conclusions: starting from the initial premises, it was found that children experience a reduction primarily in the quality of the graphic gesture, but also in other skills such as maybe coordination, body awareness, spatial awareness and management. The child with dysgraphia often experiences challenges in managing his or her school tools and doing homework independently. An occupational therapist can intervene in all three dimensions of occupation (self-care, productivity, and leisure), primarily providing treatment for dysgraphia and its consequences in school, but also with regard to its impact on the child's daily routineFile | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/58481