SANCTIONS AS A TOOL OF FOREIGN POLICY IN INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOUTH AFRICA AND CUBA

Sanctions have gained prominence in international affairs, particularly among influential nations, as tools for addressing various issues and expressing opposition to specific actions. Their historical application for political objectives is well-documented. This thesis conducts a comparative analysis of two case studies, South Africa and Cuba, to explore the conditions under which sanctions prove effective and when they fall short. The South African case showcases the successful mobilization of sanctions against oppressive regimes, exemplified by the anti-apartheid movement. This success can be attributed to the ethical dimension of the cause - combating racial discrimination and promoting human rights. Conversely, the Cuban case illustrates a different dynamic, driven more by the United States' pursuit of regional influence rather than ethical considerations. This contrast underscores the importance of utilizing sanctions to promote universal values. This research contributes valuable insights into the nuanced application of sanctions as foreign policy tools, emphasizing the need for ethical considerations in their deployment.