Tenuazonic acid is a secondary metabolite produced by some fungal species of the genus Alternaria, Epicoccum sorghinum and Pyricularia oryzae. This mycotoxin acts inhibiting protein synthesis, particularly by suppressing the release of the newly formed proteins from the ribosomes; it’s considered an emerging mycotoxin because further studies are needed to define the level of danger for the human health. The presence of tenuazonic acid has been found, even in high concentrations, in various food products such as tomatoes, citrus, fruits, cereal and all the derived-by products of these food as it is resistant to the main transformation processes. In the legislative sphere, EFSA has established 1500 ng/kg body weight like threshold of maximum daily intake. In 2022, the European Commission has defined indicatives levels, which do not correspond to safe levels, but if exceeded, require in-depth investigations to identify the causes of these values. In assessing population exposure, EFSA has not identified tenuazonic acid as a potential health risk for adults. Instead, for infants and toddlers, EFSA has considered possible an overcoming of the threshold of toxicological concern.
L’acido tenuazonico è un metabolita secondario prodotto da alcune specie fungine del genere Alternaria, da Epicoccum sorghinum e da Pyricularia oryzae. Questa micotossina agisce inibendo la sintesi proteica, in particolare impedendo il rilascio dal ribosoma delle proteine neoformate; è considerata una micotossina emergente in quanto gli studi attuali non sono ancora sufficienti per stabilirne il grado di pericolosità per la salute umana. La presenza di acido tenuazonico è stata riscontrata, anche in concentrazioni elevate, in numerosi prodotti alimentari quali pomodoro, agrumi, frutti, cereali e tutti i prodotti a base di questi alimenti, in quanto è resistente ai principali processi di trasformazione. In ambito legislativo, l’EFSA ha stabilito la soglia massima di assunzione giornaliera pari a 1500 ng/kg p.c. Nel 2022, la Commissione Europea ha definito dei livelli indicativi, che non corrispondono ai livelli di sicurezza ma che, se oltrepassati, richiedono approfondimenti per individuare le cause di tali valori. Valutando l’esposizione della popolazione, l’EFSA non ha identificato l’acido tenuazonico come un potenziale rischio per la salute degli adulti; mentre ha ritenuto possibile un superamento delle soglie di allarme tossicologico nel caso dei bambini al di sotto dei 3 anni.
Acido tenuazonico: una tossina emergente
CAON, FRANCESCA
2022/2023
Abstract
Tenuazonic acid is a secondary metabolite produced by some fungal species of the genus Alternaria, Epicoccum sorghinum and Pyricularia oryzae. This mycotoxin acts inhibiting protein synthesis, particularly by suppressing the release of the newly formed proteins from the ribosomes; it’s considered an emerging mycotoxin because further studies are needed to define the level of danger for the human health. The presence of tenuazonic acid has been found, even in high concentrations, in various food products such as tomatoes, citrus, fruits, cereal and all the derived-by products of these food as it is resistant to the main transformation processes. In the legislative sphere, EFSA has established 1500 ng/kg body weight like threshold of maximum daily intake. In 2022, the European Commission has defined indicatives levels, which do not correspond to safe levels, but if exceeded, require in-depth investigations to identify the causes of these values. In assessing population exposure, EFSA has not identified tenuazonic acid as a potential health risk for adults. Instead, for infants and toddlers, EFSA has considered possible an overcoming of the threshold of toxicological concern.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/59191