Background: cryopreservation has been widely used in the recent decades as a therapeutic treatment for male infertility. It has mainly been applied to two categories of patients: infertile patients, who have to undertake a medically assisted reproduction process, and patients who get a diagnosis of neoplasm and have to undertake a potentially gonadotoxic therapy. The analysis of the usefulness of this procedure must take into consideration the psychological impact towards these patients. Aim of the study: the objective of this project is to analyze the temporal trend at the Regional Center for the Specialized Cryopreservation of Male Gametes at the University Hospital of Padova regarding fertility preservation and the existence of factors determining the usage of cryopreserved gametes. More precisely, three variables were examined: the age of the patients who are doing cryopreservation, the diagnosis that determines as the reason to do the cryopreservation and the percentage of subsequent collections and finally, it is evaluated whether the collection methods (from seminal fluid, biopsy, needle aspiration, and urine) of male gametes. Materials and methods: this project retrospectively identifies 7044 patients who cryopreserved male gametes between November 1991 and November 2023. For each of these patients, it has been collected information regarding the diagnosis, the age at the time of cryopreservation, the method with which the collection took place, the possible elimination of the cryopreserved material or the death of the patient, the number of collections for use in PMA and the date it occurred. Furthermore, the patients were divided on the basis of the age and of the diagnosis, that justifies the cryopreservation (for this reason, the analysis is divided into three subgroups of patients with different diagnoses: neoplasia, infertility or other diagnosis). The statistical analysis is done using SPSS software (Version 14, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Only the values of p <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results are expressed as frequencies (percentages) and as ± standard deviation of the mean. As part of the statistical analysis that was conducted on the categorical variables, the “chi-quadro” test was used to evaluate the disparities between the observed and the expected frequency distribution. The difference between the continuous variables was done using student t-tests and ANOVA. Results: From the obtained results it stands out a relevant association between some of the patient’s characteristics at the time of cryopreservation and the future cryopreserved gametes collection. Above all, it can be observed a connection between the indication for cryopreservation, the method to obtain gametes and their future usage. The solidity of these results is supported by a multivariate statistical analysis. Conclusions: the indication for cryopreservation, the age at the time of the procedure, and the type of collection of male gametes can represent a simple and effective method for assessing the likely future use of cryopreserved gametes. This study, highlighting the varied frequencies of usage among these patient groups, lays the groundwork for a broader evaluation of the utility of cryopreservation and its indications.
Presupposti dello studio: la crioconservazione degli spermatozoi è stata ampiamente utilizzata negli ultimi decenni come supporto terapeutico all’infertilità maschile e alla preservazione della fertilità. Ha trovato affermazione in particolare in due categorie di pazienti: i pazienti infertili doventi intraprendere un percorso di procreazione medicalmente assistita e i pazienti con diagnosi di neoplasia doventi intraprendere un trattamento potenzialmente gonadotossico. Obiettivi: l’obiettivo che si è posto questo studio è quello di analizzare l’andamento temporale nel Centro Regionale Specializzato di Crioconservazione dei Gameti Maschili dell’Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova della preservazione della fertilità e l’esistenza di fattori determinanti l’utilizzo di gameti crioconservati. In particolare, abbiamo analizzato tre variabili: l’età dei pazienti il giorno della crioconservazione, la diagnosi, che poneva l’indicazione alla crioconservazione, e la percentuale di ritiri successivi e infine le modalità di raccolta (da liquido seminale, biopsia testicolare, agoaspirato o urine) dei gameti maschili. Materiali e metodi: sono stati analizzati, retrospettivamente, 7044 pazienti che hanno crioconservato gameti maschili nel periodo compreso tra il novembre 1991 e il novembre 2023. Per ognuno di questi pazienti sono state raccolte le informazioni riguardanti: la diagnosi, l’età al momento della crioconservazione, il metodo con cui è avvenuta la raccolta, l’eventuale eliminazione del materiale crioconservato o il decesso del paziente, il numero ritiri per il loro utilizzo in PMA e la data a cui è avvenuto il ritiro. I pazienti sono stati suddivisi successivamente sulla base del criterio anagrafico dell’età e sulla base della indicazione alla crioconservazione (sono stati per questo individuati tre sottogruppi di diagnosi diversa: neoplasia, infertilità o altra diagnosi). Tutte le analisi statistiche sono state eseguite utilizzando il software SPSS (Versione 14, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Valori di p<0.05 sono stati considerati statisticamente significativi. I risultati sono stati espressi come frequenze (percentuali) e come media ±deviazione standard della media. Nell'ambito dell'analisi statistica condotta sulle variabili categoriche di questo studio, ci siamo avvalsi del test del chi-quadro per valutare le disparità tra le distribuzioni di frequenza osservate e attese. La differenza tra variabili continue è stata fatta mediante l’utilizzo di test di t di student e ANOVA. Risultati: i risultati ottenuti hanno evidenziato un’associazione significativa tra alcuni dei fattori propri al paziente al momento della crioconservazione e il ritiro futuro dai gameti crioconservati. In particolare, si è osservata una correlazione tra l’indicazione alla crioconservazione, la metodica di recupero dei gameti e il successivo utilizzo futuro degli stessi. La solidità di questi risultati è supportata dall’analisi statistica multivariata. Conclusioni: l’indicazione alla crioconservazione, l’età al momento della stessa e la tipologia di prelievo dei gameti maschili possono rappresentare una metodica semplice ed efficace per valutare il probabile utilizzo futuro dei gameti crioconservati. Questo studio, mettendo in evidenza le diverse frequenze di utilizzo di queste classi di pazienti, pone le basi per una più ampia valutazione sull’utilità della crioconservazione e sulle sue indicazioni.
Analisi dei fattori determinanti l'utilizzo di gameti maschili crioconservati nell'ambito del programma di preservazione della fertilità
BOTTAREL, PAOLO
2022/2023
Abstract
Background: cryopreservation has been widely used in the recent decades as a therapeutic treatment for male infertility. It has mainly been applied to two categories of patients: infertile patients, who have to undertake a medically assisted reproduction process, and patients who get a diagnosis of neoplasm and have to undertake a potentially gonadotoxic therapy. The analysis of the usefulness of this procedure must take into consideration the psychological impact towards these patients. Aim of the study: the objective of this project is to analyze the temporal trend at the Regional Center for the Specialized Cryopreservation of Male Gametes at the University Hospital of Padova regarding fertility preservation and the existence of factors determining the usage of cryopreserved gametes. More precisely, three variables were examined: the age of the patients who are doing cryopreservation, the diagnosis that determines as the reason to do the cryopreservation and the percentage of subsequent collections and finally, it is evaluated whether the collection methods (from seminal fluid, biopsy, needle aspiration, and urine) of male gametes. Materials and methods: this project retrospectively identifies 7044 patients who cryopreserved male gametes between November 1991 and November 2023. For each of these patients, it has been collected information regarding the diagnosis, the age at the time of cryopreservation, the method with which the collection took place, the possible elimination of the cryopreserved material or the death of the patient, the number of collections for use in PMA and the date it occurred. Furthermore, the patients were divided on the basis of the age and of the diagnosis, that justifies the cryopreservation (for this reason, the analysis is divided into three subgroups of patients with different diagnoses: neoplasia, infertility or other diagnosis). The statistical analysis is done using SPSS software (Version 14, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Only the values of p <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results are expressed as frequencies (percentages) and as ± standard deviation of the mean. As part of the statistical analysis that was conducted on the categorical variables, the “chi-quadro” test was used to evaluate the disparities between the observed and the expected frequency distribution. The difference between the continuous variables was done using student t-tests and ANOVA. Results: From the obtained results it stands out a relevant association between some of the patient’s characteristics at the time of cryopreservation and the future cryopreserved gametes collection. Above all, it can be observed a connection between the indication for cryopreservation, the method to obtain gametes and their future usage. The solidity of these results is supported by a multivariate statistical analysis. Conclusions: the indication for cryopreservation, the age at the time of the procedure, and the type of collection of male gametes can represent a simple and effective method for assessing the likely future use of cryopreserved gametes. This study, highlighting the varied frequencies of usage among these patient groups, lays the groundwork for a broader evaluation of the utility of cryopreservation and its indications.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/61240