The master's thesis on the topic: “Development of biogas purification technology from acidic components with simultaneous hydrogen extraction” is designed as a business plan and includes the following sections: introduction, literary review, preparation plan, technical project and economic analysis. The project is based on the development of technology for purifying and upgrading biogas and separating hydrogen from the gas stream. In scientific and technical work it was carried out the analysis of the global gas sector. Non-traditional renewable energy sources are considered, where the most attractive and promising is biological raw materials (biomass). The directions of its processing are considered, and the relevance of converting it into biogas is substantiated. The chemical composition and physical properties of biogas, its sources and production technologies, as well as practical applications are analyzed. An analysis was made of the scale of individual production and its connection with the sources of biogas production from waste. The basic requirements and standards for biogas processing technologies are formulated. Various standards and specifications have been formulated for biogas upgrading applications. A comparative assessment of the economic and energy efficiency of biogas purification technologies using various methods up to national standards was carried out. The main attention is paid to membrane technology as a method for purifying and upgrading of biogas from acidic components. Polymer gas separation materials and commercial hollow fiber membranes were analyzed in the most detail, and a comparative assessment of permeability and selectivity coefficients was made. A technological scheme for purifying biogas from acidic components has been proposed, optimized, and calculated, followed by the production of biomethane from the upgraded stream and the extract of hydrogen from the biogas using effective membrane methods, which is able to reduce losses of the output target component. The characteristics of a promising polymer hollow fiber membrane for the separation of hydrogen from a biogas stream were selected and calculated. The economic indicators of the cost and competitiveness of the project were calculated.
La tesi di master dal titolo: "Sviluppo della tecnologia di purificazione del biogas da componenti acidi con simultanea estrazione dell'idrogeno" è stata pianificata come un piano aziendale e comprende le seguenti sezioni: introduzione, ricerca bilbiografica dello stato dell’arte, pianificazione del lavoro, progetto tecnico e analisi economica. Il progetto si basa sullo sviluppo di una tecnologia per purificare e migliorare il biogas e separare l'idrogeno dal flusso di gas. Questo lavoro scientifico e tecnico analizza il settore globale del gas. Vengono prese in considerazione le fonti energetiche rinnovabili non tradizionali, dove le più promettenti sono le materiali residui biologici (biomasse). Sono state considerate le variabiliinerenti ai processi di trattamento e viene dimostrata l'importanza della sua conversione in biogas. Sono state analizzate la composizione chimica e le proprietà fisiche del biogas, le sue origini e le tecnologie di produzione, nonché le applicazioni pratiche. È stata effettuata un'analisi della scala della produzione da singole biomasse e della sua connessione con le fonti di produzione di biogas da altre tipologie di rifiuti. Sono stati formulati i requisiti e gli standard di base per le tecnologie di lavorazione del biogas e i vari standard e specifiche per le applicazioni di upgrading del biogas. È stata inoltre effettuata una valutazione comparativa dell'efficienza economica ed energetica delle tecnologie di purificazione del biogas utilizzando vari metodi compresi gli standard nazionali. L'attenzione principale dello studio è stata rivolta alla tecnologia a membrana come metodo per arricchire il biogas e purificarlo dai componenti acidi. I materiali polimerici per la separazione dei gas e le membrane commerciali a fibra cava sono stati analizzati nel dettaglio ed è stata effettuata una valutazione comparativa dei coefficienti di permeabilità e selettività. È stato proposto, ottimizzato e calcolato, uno schema tecnologico per purificare il biogas dai componenti acidi. Il flusso arricchito di biogas purificato viene utilizzato per la produzione di biometano con estrazione di idrogeno mediante l’utilizzo di efficaci metodi a membrana, in mdo da ridurre le perdite dei componenti target di output (idorgeno e metano). Inoltre si sono valutate le caratteristiche di una membrana polimerica a fibra cava selezionata per la separazione dell'idrogeno da un flusso di biogas. Infine, sono stati valutati gli indicatori economici del costo e della competitività del progetto.
DEVELOPMENT OF BIOGAS PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY FROM ACIDIC COMPONENTS WITH SIMULTANEOUS HYDROGEN EXTRACTION
ZHEBRATKINA, ANASTASIIA
2023/2024
Abstract
The master's thesis on the topic: “Development of biogas purification technology from acidic components with simultaneous hydrogen extraction” is designed as a business plan and includes the following sections: introduction, literary review, preparation plan, technical project and economic analysis. The project is based on the development of technology for purifying and upgrading biogas and separating hydrogen from the gas stream. In scientific and technical work it was carried out the analysis of the global gas sector. Non-traditional renewable energy sources are considered, where the most attractive and promising is biological raw materials (biomass). The directions of its processing are considered, and the relevance of converting it into biogas is substantiated. The chemical composition and physical properties of biogas, its sources and production technologies, as well as practical applications are analyzed. An analysis was made of the scale of individual production and its connection with the sources of biogas production from waste. The basic requirements and standards for biogas processing technologies are formulated. Various standards and specifications have been formulated for biogas upgrading applications. A comparative assessment of the economic and energy efficiency of biogas purification technologies using various methods up to national standards was carried out. The main attention is paid to membrane technology as a method for purifying and upgrading of biogas from acidic components. Polymer gas separation materials and commercial hollow fiber membranes were analyzed in the most detail, and a comparative assessment of permeability and selectivity coefficients was made. A technological scheme for purifying biogas from acidic components has been proposed, optimized, and calculated, followed by the production of biomethane from the upgraded stream and the extract of hydrogen from the biogas using effective membrane methods, which is able to reduce losses of the output target component. The characteristics of a promising polymer hollow fiber membrane for the separation of hydrogen from a biogas stream were selected and calculated. The economic indicators of the cost and competitiveness of the project were calculated.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Anastasiia Zhebratkina-Eid_DEVELOPMENT OF BIOGAS PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY FROM ACIDIC COMPONENTS WITH SIMULTANEOUS HYDROGEN EXTRACTION .pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/62324