The research conducted in this thesis, titled "From Pages, a Cry," is an analysis of the representation of child labor in children's literature and Norwegian schools. The research question posed was: "How can children's literature, through an ecocritical approach, raise awareness about child exploitation, and how can an effective educational path on this topic be developed for primary schools?" To address this question, I initially conducted a theoretical study on child labor, rights, the Agenda 2030, and analyzed how they are portrayed in children's literature. Subsequently, I designed and implemented an educational intervention based on two works of children's literature addressing child labor with two groups of fourth-grade students in a Norwegian primary school. The primary goal of my work is not to solve the complex issue of child labor exploitation, given its intricacies. Instead, it aims to inform, raise awareness, and make students conscious, fostering a constructive dialogue on significant social issues. Dialogue, sharing, and acceptance of diverse thoughts can gradually lead to change. My work represents a first step and requires further in-depth developments. In the first chapter, I explored the meaning of childhood and its various types, the adult-child relationship, and the theme of rights. I analyzed the historical and present significance and value attributed to work, examining the employment of children in labor and addressing the issue of child labor exploitation through statistical data, news articles, photographs, and testimonials. In the second chapter, I identified children's literature as a narrative bridge to discuss child labor and rights in the classroom. I presented the perspectives of notable writers from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, such as Gianni Rodari, Giovanni Verga, Charles Dickens, and Victor Hugo, on the theme of child labor. Subsequently, I conducted a literary investigation into how child labor is represented in some children's literature published from the 2000s to the present, focusing on specific works like the illustrated book "Diamonds" by Armin Greder and the fantasy novel "The Ice Sea Pirates" by Frida Nilsson, both used during my internship in Norway. In the third chapter, I recounted my internship experience in two fourth-grade classes at Minde Skole in Bergen and outlined the structure of my educational intervention. It is noteworthy that this research is part of the Green Dialogues project, which aims to enhance research, student and faculty mobility (between the University of Padua, Bergen, and Barcelona), and apply theoretical and educational perspectives on children's literature to address the 17 Sustainable Development Goals of Agenda 2030. In the fourth chapter, I detailed the activities conducted during the three sessions, analyzing the works produced by the students. In the fifth chapter, I devoted space to personal and professional reflections, referencing the feedback received from the students and providing a self-evaluation of the conducted experience, highlighting strengths and weaknesses, and outlining possible future developments. The study demonstrated that, starting from the proposal of children's literature books and related activities, and with a dialogical and ecocritical approach, it is possible to address the issue of child labor with children, who are capable of understanding and expressing meaningful opinions.
Il lavoro di ricerca svolto in questa tesi, dal titolo "Dalle pagine, un grido", è un’ analisi della rappresentazione del lavoro minorile nella letteratura per l’infanzia e nella scuola norvegese. La domanda di ricerca posta è stata: "Come la letteratura per l'infanzia, attraverso un approccio ecocritico, può sensibilizzare sul tema dello sfruttamento minorile, e in che modo si può sviluppare un efficace percorso didattico basato su questo tema per una scuola primaria?". Per rispondere a questa domanda, ho inizialmente condotto uno studio teorico sul tema del lavoro minorile, dei diritti, dell'Agenda 2030 e ho analizzato come essi vengono rappresentati nei libri per l’infanzia. Successivamente, ho progettato e condotto un intervento didattico basato su due opere di letteratura per l'infanzia che affrontano il lavoro minorile con due gruppi di alunni di quarta di una scuola primaria norvegese. L'obiettivo principale del mio lavoro non è risolvere il problema dello sfruttamento dei minori nel lavoro, dato la sua complessità, ma informare, sensibilizzare e rendere consapevoli gli alunni per promuovere un dialogo costruttivo sulle questioni sociali importanti. Il dialogo, la condivisione e l'accoglienza di pensieri diversi possono gradualmente portare al cambiamento. Il mio lavoro rappresenta un primo passo e richiede ulteriori sviluppi futuri più approfonditi. Nel primo capitolo, ho esplorato il significato di infanzia e le sue diverse tipologie, la relazione adulto-bambino, e il tema dei diritti. Ho analizzato il significato e il valore attribuito al lavoro nel passato e nel presente, esaminando l'impiego dei bambini nel lavoro e affrontando il tema dello sfruttamento del lavoro minorile attraverso dati statistici, articoli di cronaca, fotografie e testimonianze. Nel secondo capitolo, ho identificato la letteratura per l'infanzia come un ponte narrativo per discutere in classe con i bambini sul lavoro minorile e i diritti. Ho riportato la voce di alcuni grandi scrittori, italiani e non, dell'Ottocento e Novecento, come Gianni Rodari, Giovanni Verga, Charles Dickens e Victor Hugo, sul tema del lavoro minorile. Successivamente, ho svolto un'indagine letteraria su come il lavoro minorile viene rappresentato in alcune opere di letteratura per l'infanzia pubblicate dagli anni 2000 ad oggi, focalizzandomi su opere specifiche come l'albo illustrato "Diamonds" di Armin Greder e il libro di narrativa fantasy "The Ice Sea Pirates" di Frida Nilsson, utilizzati durante l'intervento didattico condotto durante il mio tirocinio in Norvegia. Nel terzo capitolo, ho narrato la mia esperienza di tirocinio in due classi di quarta primaria presso la Minde Skole a Bergen e delineato la struttura del mio intervento didattico. Va sottolineato che questa ricerca è parte del progetto Green Dialogues, a cui ho partecipato, che mira a incrementare e migliorare la ricerca, la mobilità degli studenti e dei docenti (tra l’università di Padova, Bergen e Barcellona), e applicare prospettive teoretiche e didattiche sulla letteratura per l'infanzia per rispondere ai 17 obiettivi dell'Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile (SDG). Nel quarto capitolo, ho descritto in dettaglio le attività svolte durante i tre incontri, analizzando gli elaborati prodotti dagli alunni. Nel quinto capitolo, ho dedicato spazio a riflessioni personali e professionali, facendo riferimento al feedback ottenuto dagli alunni e fornendo una mia autovalutazione sull'esperienza condotta, indicando punti di forza e debolezza e delineando possibili sviluppi futuri. Lo studio ha dimostrato che, a partire dalla proposta di libri di letteratura per l’infanzia e attività ad essi correlate, e con un approccio dialogico e ecocritico, è possibile affrontare con i bambini il tema del lavoro minorile, che sono in grado di comprendere e formulare opinioni in modo significativo.
Dalle pagine, un grido. Analisi della rappresentazione del lavoro minorile nella letteratura per l'infanzia e nella scuola norvegese.
NAI, GIULIA
2023/2024
Abstract
The research conducted in this thesis, titled "From Pages, a Cry," is an analysis of the representation of child labor in children's literature and Norwegian schools. The research question posed was: "How can children's literature, through an ecocritical approach, raise awareness about child exploitation, and how can an effective educational path on this topic be developed for primary schools?" To address this question, I initially conducted a theoretical study on child labor, rights, the Agenda 2030, and analyzed how they are portrayed in children's literature. Subsequently, I designed and implemented an educational intervention based on two works of children's literature addressing child labor with two groups of fourth-grade students in a Norwegian primary school. The primary goal of my work is not to solve the complex issue of child labor exploitation, given its intricacies. Instead, it aims to inform, raise awareness, and make students conscious, fostering a constructive dialogue on significant social issues. Dialogue, sharing, and acceptance of diverse thoughts can gradually lead to change. My work represents a first step and requires further in-depth developments. In the first chapter, I explored the meaning of childhood and its various types, the adult-child relationship, and the theme of rights. I analyzed the historical and present significance and value attributed to work, examining the employment of children in labor and addressing the issue of child labor exploitation through statistical data, news articles, photographs, and testimonials. In the second chapter, I identified children's literature as a narrative bridge to discuss child labor and rights in the classroom. I presented the perspectives of notable writers from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, such as Gianni Rodari, Giovanni Verga, Charles Dickens, and Victor Hugo, on the theme of child labor. Subsequently, I conducted a literary investigation into how child labor is represented in some children's literature published from the 2000s to the present, focusing on specific works like the illustrated book "Diamonds" by Armin Greder and the fantasy novel "The Ice Sea Pirates" by Frida Nilsson, both used during my internship in Norway. In the third chapter, I recounted my internship experience in two fourth-grade classes at Minde Skole in Bergen and outlined the structure of my educational intervention. It is noteworthy that this research is part of the Green Dialogues project, which aims to enhance research, student and faculty mobility (between the University of Padua, Bergen, and Barcelona), and apply theoretical and educational perspectives on children's literature to address the 17 Sustainable Development Goals of Agenda 2030. In the fourth chapter, I detailed the activities conducted during the three sessions, analyzing the works produced by the students. In the fifth chapter, I devoted space to personal and professional reflections, referencing the feedback received from the students and providing a self-evaluation of the conducted experience, highlighting strengths and weaknesses, and outlining possible future developments. The study demonstrated that, starting from the proposal of children's literature books and related activities, and with a dialogical and ecocritical approach, it is possible to address the issue of child labor with children, who are capable of understanding and expressing meaningful opinions.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/62828