This dissertation aims to examine the role of music in Friedrich Schlegel's thought, particularly with regard to the «Athenaeum», a journal that the philosopher published together with his brother August Wilhelm and which constitutes the manifesto of early German Romanticism; the focus will consist in the relationship between music and poetry. In addition, the connection between music and language –especially between rhythm and linguistic sign– as well as the contrast between «musical» and «figurative» will be analysed. Primarily, it will be investigated the complex system of the arts underlying Schlegel's thinking, which reveals important differences when compared with the art theories of the great idealistic system builders; in this context, Szondi's thesis of the productive antinomy of the arts will be presented and questioned. Furthermore, it will be argued that Schlegel's aesthetics, even when declined in the field of music, is inherently connected to his conception of the Absolute and its epistemological opacity. It will be highlighted that the arts for Schlegel are interwoven in very complex mechanisms in which the reciprocal determination of the various arts represents the crucial point. In a further step, important references to transcendental philosophy, in particular to Kant and Fichte, will be thematised: among other things, fundamental passages of the third Kantian critique will be examined, specifically the ones in which music takes the leading role, such as the distinction between «pure» and «applied» music, which was also discussed by Schlegel. Both the elements of continuity and the differences will be emphasised, also with regard to the relationship of music to other arts such as poetry. The transcendental character of music in Schlegel will be brought to light; to this end, fundamental Fichtean doctrines will be presented, such as the theory of «Streben», but above all those related to the productive imagination, such as the theory of «Schweben». The last part of my text attempts to show the «fil rouge» that brings together the following polar conceptual pairs: music and poetry, spirit and letter, Dionysian and Apollonian. To this end, the history of ideas leading to Nietzsche's theorisation of the Gesamtkunstwerk will be reconstructed; alongside this philosopher, the figures of the great Greek tragedians as well as Plato, Kant and Fichte will be examined, and above all Friedrich Schlegel's central role and contributions to this path will be elucidated.
In dieser Dissertation wird die Rolle der Musik in Friedrich Schlegels Denken untersucht, insbesondere im Hinblick auf das «Athenaeum», eine Zeitschrift, die der Philosoph zusammen mit seinem Bruder August Wilhelm herausgab und die das Manifest der frühen deutschen Romantik repräsentiert; der Fokus wird bei der Beziehung zwischen Musik und Poesie liegen. Außerdem werden die Verbindung zwischen Musik und Sprache –speziell zwischen Rhythmus und sprachlichem Zeichen– sowie der Gegensatz zwischen «musikalisch» und «bildlich» analysiert. Hauptsächlich wird das komplexe System der Künste, das Schlegels Denken zugrunde liegt, vertieft, welches wichtige Unterschiede zu den Kunsttheorien der großen Systembildner des Idealismus aufweist; in diesem Zusammenhang wird Szondis These der produktiven Antinomie der Künste vorgestellt und hinterfragt. Zusätzlich wird nachgewiesen, dass Schlegels Ästhetik, selbst wenn sie auf dem Gebiet der Musik dekliniert ist, mit seiner Konzeption des Absoluten und dessen erkenntnistheoretischer Undurchsichtigkeit konstitutiv zusammenhängt. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Künste bei Schlegel in sehr komplexen Mechanismen miteinander verwoben sind, bei denen die wechselseitige Bestimmung der verschiedenen Künste im Mittelpunkt steht. In einem weiteren Schritt werden die wichtigen Bezüge zur Transzendentalphilosophie, insbesondere zu Kant und Fichte, thematisiert: unter anderem werden grundlegende Passagen der dritten kantischen Kritik angesprochen, in denen die Musik im Zentrum steht, wie die Unterscheidung zwischen «reiner» und «angewandter» Musik, die auch von Schlegel aufgegriffen wurde. Dabei werden sowohl Kontinuitätselemente, wie auch wichtige Unterschiede hervorgehoben, auch hinsichtlich des Verhältnisses der Musik zu anderen Künsten, wie der Poesie. Der transzendentale Charakter der Musik bei Schlegel wird ermittelt; zu diesem Zweck werden auch grundlegende fichtesche Lehren abgehandelt, wie die Theorie des «Strebens», aber vor allem solche, die mit der produktiven Einbildungskraft zusammenhängen, wie die Theorie des «Schwebens». Im letzten Teil meines Textes wird versucht, den «fil rouge» zu zeigen, der folgende polare Begriffspaare vereint: Musik und Poesie, Geist und Buchstabe, Dionysisch und Apollinisch. Dazu wird die Ideengeschichte rekonstruiert, die zu Nietzsches Theoretisierung des Gesamtkunstwerks führt; neben diesem Philosophen werden die Figuren der großen griechischen Tragiker, sowie von Platon, Kant und Fichte berührt, und vor allem Friedrich Schlegel’s zentrale Rolle und Beiträge auf diesem Pfad beleuchtet.
Die Musik des «Athenaeums»: Friedrich Schlegel’s Synästhesien des Denkens zwischen Transzendentalphilosophie und Frühromantik
BANO, ALESSANDRA
2023/2024
Abstract
This dissertation aims to examine the role of music in Friedrich Schlegel's thought, particularly with regard to the «Athenaeum», a journal that the philosopher published together with his brother August Wilhelm and which constitutes the manifesto of early German Romanticism; the focus will consist in the relationship between music and poetry. In addition, the connection between music and language –especially between rhythm and linguistic sign– as well as the contrast between «musical» and «figurative» will be analysed. Primarily, it will be investigated the complex system of the arts underlying Schlegel's thinking, which reveals important differences when compared with the art theories of the great idealistic system builders; in this context, Szondi's thesis of the productive antinomy of the arts will be presented and questioned. Furthermore, it will be argued that Schlegel's aesthetics, even when declined in the field of music, is inherently connected to his conception of the Absolute and its epistemological opacity. It will be highlighted that the arts for Schlegel are interwoven in very complex mechanisms in which the reciprocal determination of the various arts represents the crucial point. In a further step, important references to transcendental philosophy, in particular to Kant and Fichte, will be thematised: among other things, fundamental passages of the third Kantian critique will be examined, specifically the ones in which music takes the leading role, such as the distinction between «pure» and «applied» music, which was also discussed by Schlegel. Both the elements of continuity and the differences will be emphasised, also with regard to the relationship of music to other arts such as poetry. The transcendental character of music in Schlegel will be brought to light; to this end, fundamental Fichtean doctrines will be presented, such as the theory of «Streben», but above all those related to the productive imagination, such as the theory of «Schweben». The last part of my text attempts to show the «fil rouge» that brings together the following polar conceptual pairs: music and poetry, spirit and letter, Dionysian and Apollonian. To this end, the history of ideas leading to Nietzsche's theorisation of the Gesamtkunstwerk will be reconstructed; alongside this philosopher, the figures of the great Greek tragedians as well as Plato, Kant and Fichte will be examined, and above all Friedrich Schlegel's central role and contributions to this path will be elucidated.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/63976