Maintenance plays an increasingly significant role in any business organization; it is indeed essential to allow production activities to run smoothly, having among its main purposes to ensure the full availability of the systems and to restore them to a functioning state following a failure, while guaranteeing compliance with safety standards. A key aspect of maintenance management concerns the choice of components on which to focus the analysis, a choice that must be made wisely, focusing first on the most important systems within the plant and then on their most critical components. There are many different maintenance strategies developed over the years, and each of them may prove more effective than others depending on the context, the constraints, and the system in which one is working. This thesis work, which focuses on preventive maintenance, aims to first analyse the main techniques belonging to this category through an exhaustive review of the scientific literature and then to present a real case study in a railway context. The case study considers three types of components identified as critical in terms of maintenance management; for these components, belonging to the railway infrastructure facility, there is a limited amount of life-time data, meaning that there is a significant amount of right-censored failure data, implying that not all components in the sample under consideration have failed in the time interval analysed. A reliability analysis is thus performed through the application of a Weibull probability distribution, modelled with the aid of a statistical software. After a comparison among the models proposed in the chapter concerning the literature review and considering the constraints imposed by the case at hand, two preventive maintenance models, age-based and time-based are thus selected and applied. Furthermore, a comparison in terms of expected cost per time unit (UEC) is then made both between them and with respect to the corrective maintenance strategy, through the evaluation of the results obtained from an economic perspective and considering the managerial and administrative aspects.
La manutenzione ricopre un ruolo sempre più importante in ogni tipologia di azienda, essa è infatti necessaria per consentire il corretto svolgimento delle attività produttive, avendo tra gli scopi principali quello di assicurare la piena disponibilità ed affidabilità degli impianti e di riportarli in uno stato di funzionamento a seguito di un guasto, garantendo al contempo il rispetto degli standard di sicurezza. Un aspetto fondamentale della gestione della manutenzione riguarda la scelta dei componenti su cui concentrare l’analisi, scelta che deve essere effettuata in modo oculato, ponendo l’attenzione dapprima sui sistemi più importanti all’interno dell’impianto e quindi sui loro componenti maggiormente critici. Le strategie manutentive sviluppate negli anni sono molteplici e ognuna di esse si può rivelare più efficace rispetto ad altre a seconda del contesto, dei vincoli e del sistema in cui ci si trova ad operare. Questo lavoro di tesi, che si focalizza sulla manutenzione preventiva, ha l’obiettivo di analizzare dapprima le principali tecniche appartenenti a questa categoria, tramite uno studio approfondito della letteratura scientifica e, quindi, di proporre un caso studio reale in un contesto ferroviario. Il caso studio considera tre tipologie di componenti individuati come critici sotto l’aspetto della gestione della manutenzione; per tali componenti, appartenenti ad un impianto dell’infrastruttura ferroviaria, si dispone di un numero limitato di informazioni affidabilistiche, ovvero si è in presenza di un numero significativo di dati di guasto censurati a destra, stante a significare che non tutti i componenti del campione in esame si sono guastati nell’intervallo di tempo analizzato. L’analisi affidabilistica viene eseguita tramite l’utilizzo di una distribuzione di probabilità di Weibull, modellata grazie all’ausilio di un software statistico. Dopo un’analisi tra i modelli proposti nel capitolo riguardante la revisione della letteratura e considerando i vincoli imposti dal caso in questione, vengono scelti ed applicati due modelli di manutenzione preventiva ad età e a data costante e viene quindi effettuando un confronto in termini di costo atteso per unità di tempo (UEC) sia tra di essi e sia rispetto alla stratega di manutenzione correttiva, mediante la valutazione dei risultati ottenuti sotto un profilo economico e considerando gli aspetti gestionali ed amministrativi.
Applicazione e confronto di tecniche di manutenzione preventiva: un caso studio in ambito ferroviario
PERIS, ALESSANDRO
2023/2024
Abstract
Maintenance plays an increasingly significant role in any business organization; it is indeed essential to allow production activities to run smoothly, having among its main purposes to ensure the full availability of the systems and to restore them to a functioning state following a failure, while guaranteeing compliance with safety standards. A key aspect of maintenance management concerns the choice of components on which to focus the analysis, a choice that must be made wisely, focusing first on the most important systems within the plant and then on their most critical components. There are many different maintenance strategies developed over the years, and each of them may prove more effective than others depending on the context, the constraints, and the system in which one is working. This thesis work, which focuses on preventive maintenance, aims to first analyse the main techniques belonging to this category through an exhaustive review of the scientific literature and then to present a real case study in a railway context. The case study considers three types of components identified as critical in terms of maintenance management; for these components, belonging to the railway infrastructure facility, there is a limited amount of life-time data, meaning that there is a significant amount of right-censored failure data, implying that not all components in the sample under consideration have failed in the time interval analysed. A reliability analysis is thus performed through the application of a Weibull probability distribution, modelled with the aid of a statistical software. After a comparison among the models proposed in the chapter concerning the literature review and considering the constraints imposed by the case at hand, two preventive maintenance models, age-based and time-based are thus selected and applied. Furthermore, a comparison in terms of expected cost per time unit (UEC) is then made both between them and with respect to the corrective maintenance strategy, through the evaluation of the results obtained from an economic perspective and considering the managerial and administrative aspects.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/64804