Background: procalcitonin (proCT) has been identified as an alternative or additional marker to calcitonin (CT) for the screening of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Aim of the study: establishing the role of proCT as a marker to be used in MTC screening. Materials and methods: 478 patients operated in Padua for a thyroid nodule were enrolledto investigate proCT levels in comparison with CT for MTC screening. The study was performed retrospectively by consulting the medical records of these patients, whose serum levels of proCT and CT were dosed preoperatively. At histological diagnosis, 23 out of 478 patients tested positive for MTC. Results: CT with a cut-off > 10pg/ml performed as follows: sensitivity of 0.91; specificity of 0.98; PPV of 0.7; NPV of 0.99 and p<0.0001 while CT with sex-specific cut-offs presented a sensitivity of 0.61, a specificity of 0.99, a PPV of 0.93 and a NPV of 0.98. CT with a cut-off >10 pg/ml performed better than proCT both using the cut-off of 0.04 ng/ml (sensitivity: 0.87; specificity: 0.96; PPV: 0.56 and NPV:0.96; p<0.0001) and using the cut-off of 0.07 ng/ml (sensitivity:0.78; specificity 0.98; PPV: 0.72; NPV:0.99; p<0.0001). In malignant cytology, the proCT cut-off of 0.04 ng/ml and the cut-off of 0.07 ng/ml both have a sensitivity and a NPV of 1.00. If the CT-specific sex cut-offs are used in conjunction with the proCT assay, with a cut-off of 0.04 ng/ml, 6 patients are detected by proCT but not by CT. If the cut-off of 0.07 ng/ml is used instead, an additional patient is lost. Conclusions: CT seems to be better than pro-CT as a screening marker for MTC as it is more sensitive. The pro-CT with a cut-off of 0.04 ng/ml seems to be better than the cut-off of 0.07 ng/ml in a screening context as it is more sensitive and could be used together with CT to increase the sepcificity for the diagnosis of MTC. ProCT with a cut-off of 0.04 ng/ml could be used together with CT with sex-specific cut-offs to increase its sensitivity.
Presupposti dello studio: la procalcitonina (proCT) è stata individuata come marcatore alternativo o aggiuntivo alla calcitonina (CT) per lo screening del carcinoma midollare della tiroide (MTC). Scopo dello studio: stabilire il ruolo della proCT come marcatore da utilizzare nello screening del MTC. Materiali e metodi: sono stati reclutati 478 pazienti operati a Padova per patologia nodulare tiroidea per indagare il ruolo della proCT a confronto con la CT per lo screening del MTC. Lo studio si è svolto retrospettivamente consultando le cartelle cliniche di pazienti i cui livelli sierici di proCT e di CT erano stati ottenuti retrospettivamente. Alla diagnosi istologica 23 pazienti su 478 si sono rivelati MTC. Risultati: la CT con cut-off > 10pg/ml presentava le seguenti performance: sensibilità di 0,91; specificità di 0,98; VPP di 0,7; VPN di 0,99 (p<0,0001) mentre la CT con cut-off sesso-specifici ha presentato una sensibilità di 0,61, una specificità di 0,99, un VPP di 0,93 e un VPN di 0,98. La CT con cut-off >10 pg/ml aveva performance migliori rispetto alla proCT, sia utilizzando il cut-off di 0,04 ng/ml (sensibilità: 0,87; specificità: 0,96; VPP: 0,56 e VPN:0,96; p<0,0001) che utilizzando il cut-off di 0,07 ng/ml (sensibilità:0,78; specificità 0,98; VPP: 0,72; VPN:0,99; p<0,0001). Nei citologici maligni il cut-off di proCT di 0,04 ng/ml e il cut-off di 0,07 ng/ml presentano entrambi una sensibilità e un VPN di 1,00. Utilizzando i cut-off sesso specifici per la CT insieme al dosaggio della proCT, con cut-off di 0,04 ng/ml, 6 pazienti vengono individuati dalla proCT ma non dalla CT. Utilizzando invece il cut-off di 0,07 ng/ml, questo numero saliva a 7. Conclusioni: la CT sembra essere migliore della proCT come marcatore di screening per l’MTC in quanto più sensibile. La pro-CT con cut-off di 0,04 ng/ml sembra essere migliore rispetto al cut-off di 0,07 ng/ml in un contesto di screening in quanto più sensibile e potrebbe essere utilizzata assieme alla CT per aumentare la specificità per la diagnosi di MTC. La proCT con cut-off di 0,04 ng/ml potrebbe essere utilizzata insieme alla CT con cut-off sesso-specifici per aumentarne la sensibilità.
Il valore della procalcitonina nello screening del carcinoma midollare tiroideo.
ZANIN, EMMA
2023/2024
Abstract
Background: procalcitonin (proCT) has been identified as an alternative or additional marker to calcitonin (CT) for the screening of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Aim of the study: establishing the role of proCT as a marker to be used in MTC screening. Materials and methods: 478 patients operated in Padua for a thyroid nodule were enrolledto investigate proCT levels in comparison with CT for MTC screening. The study was performed retrospectively by consulting the medical records of these patients, whose serum levels of proCT and CT were dosed preoperatively. At histological diagnosis, 23 out of 478 patients tested positive for MTC. Results: CT with a cut-off > 10pg/ml performed as follows: sensitivity of 0.91; specificity of 0.98; PPV of 0.7; NPV of 0.99 and p<0.0001 while CT with sex-specific cut-offs presented a sensitivity of 0.61, a specificity of 0.99, a PPV of 0.93 and a NPV of 0.98. CT with a cut-off >10 pg/ml performed better than proCT both using the cut-off of 0.04 ng/ml (sensitivity: 0.87; specificity: 0.96; PPV: 0.56 and NPV:0.96; p<0.0001) and using the cut-off of 0.07 ng/ml (sensitivity:0.78; specificity 0.98; PPV: 0.72; NPV:0.99; p<0.0001). In malignant cytology, the proCT cut-off of 0.04 ng/ml and the cut-off of 0.07 ng/ml both have a sensitivity and a NPV of 1.00. If the CT-specific sex cut-offs are used in conjunction with the proCT assay, with a cut-off of 0.04 ng/ml, 6 patients are detected by proCT but not by CT. If the cut-off of 0.07 ng/ml is used instead, an additional patient is lost. Conclusions: CT seems to be better than pro-CT as a screening marker for MTC as it is more sensitive. The pro-CT with a cut-off of 0.04 ng/ml seems to be better than the cut-off of 0.07 ng/ml in a screening context as it is more sensitive and could be used together with CT to increase the sepcificity for the diagnosis of MTC. ProCT with a cut-off of 0.04 ng/ml could be used together with CT with sex-specific cut-offs to increase its sensitivity.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/65987