Background: Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune/antigen-mediated inflammatory condition, characterized clinically by esophageal dysfunction and histologically by eosinophilic infiltration (>15 eos/HPF) localized in the esophagus. Diagnosis relies on the identification of clinical, endoscopic, and histological features typical of the disease, alongside the exclusion of other potential causes of eosinophilia. First-line treatments currently include proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), topical corticosteroids, or an elimination diet, which must be maintained long-term as they induce remission but do not cure the disease. Presently, there are no precise guidelines on the most appropriate approach or parameters for evaluating therapeutic response. In 2022, the I-SEE (Index of Severity for EoE) was developed, incorporating clinical, endoscopic, and histological aspects of EoE, categorizing the disease into: inactive, mild, moderate, and severe. The I-SEE has shown to be a promising and reliable tool for evaluating therapeutic response, although further studies are needed to validate its clinical application. Aim of the study: This observational study primarily aimed to apply the I-SEE to a cohort of patients with EoE before and after therapy with Jorveza (BOS) and observe its trend over time (at baseline, 12, and 52 weeks from the start of therapy) to assess its validity and effectiveness in monitoring therapeutic response. Additionally, the study aimed to analyze the safety profile of the drug. Materials and Methods: This retrospective-prospective observational study evaluated patients aged ≥18 years with EoE undergoing BOS therapy, followed at the Gastroenterology Unit of Padua. The response to therapy was assessed using the I-SEE, and treatment side effects were also reported. Results: In the study were enrolled 85 patients with EoE, of whom 67 were male (78.8%), with a median age at diagnosis of 30 years (IQR: 22-50). Baseline disease severity was assessed using the I-SEE score, resulting in the following distribution: 4 patients (4/85, 4,7%) with severe EoE, 49 patients (49/85, 57,7%) with moderate EoE, and 32 patients (32/85, 37,7%) with mild EoE. The median I-SEE score at baseline was 7 (IQR: 6-8). After 12 weeks of treatment with BOS, an improvement in disease severity was observed in the 67 patients who returned for follow-up, indicated by a reduction in the I-SEE score by 4 points (7, IQR: 6-8 vs 3, IQR: 2-3, p<0.001). The distribution of disease severity at 12 weeks was as follows: 1 patient (1/67, 1,5%) with moderate EoE, 61 patients (61/67, 91,1%) with mild EoE, and 5 patients (5/67, 7,5%) with inactive EoE; no patients exhibited severe disease. At the follow-up conducted after 52 weeks of BOS treatment, among the 39 patients who underwent endoscopic examination, 33 (84,6%) had mild disease and 6 (15,4%) had inactive disease; no patients exhibited moderate or severe disease. The I-SEE score after 52 weeks of treatment was reduced by 5 points compared to baseline (7, IQR: 6-8 vs 2, IQR: 1-3, p<0.001). Throughout the entire follow-up period, 10 patients (11,8%) reported at least one drug-related side effect requiring additional treatment, specifically 7 cases (7/10, 8,2%) of oral candidiasis and 3 cases (3/10, 3,5%) of cough; none of these required discontinuation of the treatment. Conclusions: The study results confirm the reliability and effectiveness of the I-SEE as a tool for evaluating the therapeutic response to BOS in patients with EoE. Additionally, they highlight a good safety profile for Jorveza (BOS) after 52 weeks of treatment.
Background: l’esofagite eosinofila è una patologia infiammatoria cronica immuno/antigene-mediata caratterizzata clinicamente da disfunzione esofagea ed istologicamente da un’infiltrazione eosinofila (>15 eos/HPF) localizzata nell’esofago. La diagnosi si basa sul riscontro delle caratteristiche cliniche, endoscopiche ed istologiche tipiche della malattia e sull’esclusione di altre possibili cause di eosinofilia. Il trattamento di prima linea, ad oggi, prevede l’utilizzo di PPI, corticosteroidi topici o dieta di esclusione e dev’essere mantenuto a lungo termine in quanto in grado di indurre la remissione ma non la guarigione della patologia. Per quanto riguarda la valutazione della risposta alla terapia, allo stato attuale, non ci sono precise indicazioni su quale sia l’approccio più adeguato e quali siano i parametri maggiormente indicativi. Nel 2022 è stato formulato un indice di severità di malattia per l’esofagite eosinofila (I-SEE) che tiene conto contemporaneamente degli aspetti clinici, endoscopici ed istologici dell’EoE, categorizzando la malattia in: inattiva, lieve, moderata e severa. L’I-SEE si è visto essere uno strumento promettente ed affidabile nella valutazione della risposta terapeutica, sebbene siano necessari ulteriori studi per validarne l’applicazione nella pratica clinica. Scopo dello studio: Questo studio osservazionale si è posto come obiettivo primario quello di applicare l’I-SEE ad una coorte di pazienti affetti da EoE pre e post terapia con Jorveza (BOS), ed osservarne l’andamento nel tempo (al baseline, a 12 e a 52 settimane dall’inizio della terapia) per valutarne la validità e l’efficacia nel monitorare la risposta alla terapia. Inoltre, come scopo secondario, è stato analizzato il profilo di sicurezza del farmaco. Materiali e metodi: si tratta di uno studio osservazionale retrospettivo-prospettico che ha valutato pazienti affetti da EoE di età ≥ 18 anni in terapia con BOS, seguiti presso l’U.O.C. di Gastroenterologia di Padova. Di questi pazienti è stata valutata la risposta alla terapia tramite l’utilizzo dell’I-SEE e contestualmente sono stati riportati gli effetti collaterali del trattamento. Risultati: nello studio sono stati arruolati 85 pazienti affetti da EoE, di cui 67 maschi (78,8%), con età mediana alla diagnosi di 30 anni (IQR: 22-50). È stata valutata la severità della malattia dei pazienti al baseline attraverso l’I-SEE score ottenendo la seguente distribuzione: 4 pazienti (4/85, 4,7%) con EoE severa, 49 pazienti (49/85, 57,7%) con EoE moderata e 32 pazienti (32/85, 37,7%) con EoE lieve. Il valore mediano dell’I-SEE al baseline era di 7 (6-8). Dopo 12 settimane di trattamento con BOS si è osservato un miglioramento della severità della malattia nei 67 pazienti venuti a controllo, evidenziato dalla riduzione dell’I-SEE score di 4 punti (7, IQR: 6-8 vs 3, IQR: 2-3, p<0.001). L’I-SEE score dopo 52 settimane di trattamento si era ridotto di 5 punti rispetto al baseline (7, IQR: 6-8 vs 2, IQR: 1-3, p<0.001). Durante l’intero periodo di follow-up, 10 pazienti (11,8%) hanno riportato almeno un effetto collaterale del farmaco che richiedesse un trattamento aggiuntivo, in particolare si sono verificati 7 casi (7/10, 8,2%) di candidosi orale e 3 casi (3/10, 3,5%) di tosse; nessuno di questi ha necessitato della sospensione del trattamento. Conclusioni: i risultati dello studio confermano l’affidabilità e l’efficacia dell’I-SEE come strumento per valutare la risposta alla terapia con BOS nei pazienti affetti da EoE. Inoltre evidenziano un buon profilo di sicurezza del farmaco Jorveza (BOS) dopo 52 settimane di trattamento.
L'Indice di Severità per L'Esofagite Eosinofila Evidenzia i Cambiamenti Clinici Progressivi in Pazienti in Trattamento con Budesonide Orodispersibile
RIGONI, TOMMASO
2023/2024
Abstract
Background: Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune/antigen-mediated inflammatory condition, characterized clinically by esophageal dysfunction and histologically by eosinophilic infiltration (>15 eos/HPF) localized in the esophagus. Diagnosis relies on the identification of clinical, endoscopic, and histological features typical of the disease, alongside the exclusion of other potential causes of eosinophilia. First-line treatments currently include proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), topical corticosteroids, or an elimination diet, which must be maintained long-term as they induce remission but do not cure the disease. Presently, there are no precise guidelines on the most appropriate approach or parameters for evaluating therapeutic response. In 2022, the I-SEE (Index of Severity for EoE) was developed, incorporating clinical, endoscopic, and histological aspects of EoE, categorizing the disease into: inactive, mild, moderate, and severe. The I-SEE has shown to be a promising and reliable tool for evaluating therapeutic response, although further studies are needed to validate its clinical application. Aim of the study: This observational study primarily aimed to apply the I-SEE to a cohort of patients with EoE before and after therapy with Jorveza (BOS) and observe its trend over time (at baseline, 12, and 52 weeks from the start of therapy) to assess its validity and effectiveness in monitoring therapeutic response. Additionally, the study aimed to analyze the safety profile of the drug. Materials and Methods: This retrospective-prospective observational study evaluated patients aged ≥18 years with EoE undergoing BOS therapy, followed at the Gastroenterology Unit of Padua. The response to therapy was assessed using the I-SEE, and treatment side effects were also reported. Results: In the study were enrolled 85 patients with EoE, of whom 67 were male (78.8%), with a median age at diagnosis of 30 years (IQR: 22-50). Baseline disease severity was assessed using the I-SEE score, resulting in the following distribution: 4 patients (4/85, 4,7%) with severe EoE, 49 patients (49/85, 57,7%) with moderate EoE, and 32 patients (32/85, 37,7%) with mild EoE. The median I-SEE score at baseline was 7 (IQR: 6-8). After 12 weeks of treatment with BOS, an improvement in disease severity was observed in the 67 patients who returned for follow-up, indicated by a reduction in the I-SEE score by 4 points (7, IQR: 6-8 vs 3, IQR: 2-3, p<0.001). The distribution of disease severity at 12 weeks was as follows: 1 patient (1/67, 1,5%) with moderate EoE, 61 patients (61/67, 91,1%) with mild EoE, and 5 patients (5/67, 7,5%) with inactive EoE; no patients exhibited severe disease. At the follow-up conducted after 52 weeks of BOS treatment, among the 39 patients who underwent endoscopic examination, 33 (84,6%) had mild disease and 6 (15,4%) had inactive disease; no patients exhibited moderate or severe disease. The I-SEE score after 52 weeks of treatment was reduced by 5 points compared to baseline (7, IQR: 6-8 vs 2, IQR: 1-3, p<0.001). Throughout the entire follow-up period, 10 patients (11,8%) reported at least one drug-related side effect requiring additional treatment, specifically 7 cases (7/10, 8,2%) of oral candidiasis and 3 cases (3/10, 3,5%) of cough; none of these required discontinuation of the treatment. Conclusions: The study results confirm the reliability and effectiveness of the I-SEE as a tool for evaluating the therapeutic response to BOS in patients with EoE. Additionally, they highlight a good safety profile for Jorveza (BOS) after 52 weeks of treatment.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/66806