The term "plant-based diet" (PBD) includes a broad spectrum of nutritional models that emphasize natural products. In particular, the vegan diet is a food pattern characterized by the exclusion of all animal-origin foods. This nutritional approach is characterized by a high intake of whole cereals, fruits and vegetables, legumes, seeds, nuts and natural fats (in particular olive oil). Numerous are the motivations that drive people to adopt this model, such as concerns for animal or environmental welfare as well as human health. Several studies have demonstrated that a vegan diet generally reduces the risk of developing cancer, stroke, osteoporosis and is beneficial in the treatment of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, a vegan diet must be well balanced due to the elimination of animal products that leads to possible nutritional deficiencies that can compromise the physiological functions of the human organism. Particular attention should be paid to the minimum protein intake, fatty acids (especially EPA and DHA), Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, Iron and Calcium.
Il termine “dieta a base vegetale” (in inglese Plant based diet, PBD) comprende un ampio spettro di modelli nutrizionali che nel loro insieme enfatizzano i prodotti di origine naturale. La dieta vegana, in particolare, è un regime alimentare che esclude gli alimenti di origine animale, quali carne e derivati. Essa è caratterizzata da un elevato apporto di cereali integrali e derivati, frutta e verdura, legumi, semi, frutta secca e grassi naturali (in particolare olio d’oliva). Negli ultimi anni l’interesse per la dieta vegana sta crescendo esponenzialmente. Numerose sono le motivazioni che spingono le persone a intraprendere questa scelta alimentare. Alla base vi è la volontà di prendersi più cura dell’ambiente, degli animali nonché della propria salute. Molteplici studi hanno infatti dimostrato che la dieta vegana ha effetti benefici riducendo il rischio di cancro, tumore, osteoporosi, ictus e nel trattamento della sindrome metabolica. Tuttavia, una dieta vegana deve essere ben bilanciata in quanto l’eliminazione di prodotti animali porta a possibili carenze nutrizionali che sono in grado di compromettere le funzioni fisiologiche dell'organismo umano. Particolare attenzione deve essere posta alla quota proteica minima, agli acidi grassi (specialmente EPA e DHA), Vitamina B12, Vitamina D, Ferro e Calcio.
La dieta vegana: analisi dei benefici e rischi sulla salute umana
GARATTI, ANNA
2023/2024
Abstract
The term "plant-based diet" (PBD) includes a broad spectrum of nutritional models that emphasize natural products. In particular, the vegan diet is a food pattern characterized by the exclusion of all animal-origin foods. This nutritional approach is characterized by a high intake of whole cereals, fruits and vegetables, legumes, seeds, nuts and natural fats (in particular olive oil). Numerous are the motivations that drive people to adopt this model, such as concerns for animal or environmental welfare as well as human health. Several studies have demonstrated that a vegan diet generally reduces the risk of developing cancer, stroke, osteoporosis and is beneficial in the treatment of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, a vegan diet must be well balanced due to the elimination of animal products that leads to possible nutritional deficiencies that can compromise the physiological functions of the human organism. Particular attention should be paid to the minimum protein intake, fatty acids (especially EPA and DHA), Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, Iron and Calcium.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/67592