Biofilms are complex multicellular communities formed by bacteria, that promote colonization and communication processes between the bacterial cells that compose them. In this context, microorganism prove more tolerant to antibiotics and to the host's immune system. Bacterial cells within the biofilm have the ability to tolerate drugs, because of the structural properties of the biofilm and because of phenotypic alterations of the cells; today this represents an important challenge in clinical therapy. P. aeruginosa is a ubiquitous and versatile bacterium, capable of survival in a wide range of ecological niches, and it emerged as a model organism for the study of bacterial biofilms. The complex architecture of P. aeruginosa's biofilm contributes to its pathogenicity. In the study cellular-level anatomy of P. aeruginosa's macrocolonies is analyzed. It was discovered that P. aeruginosa's biofilm contain vertical arranged zones that differ for cellular orientation and for the vicinity of related cells - this patterning occurs because of the presence of given surface cellular components. It was demonstrated that cellular orientation influences resource uptake and distribution throughout the biofilm, and therefore that exists a correlation between cellular arrangement in the different subzones, physiological status, and drug sensitivity. These data thus link mature biofilm microanatomy with a metabolic differentiation and with bacteria's antibiotic tolerance.
I biofilm sono delle comunità multicellulari complesse di batteri che favoriscono i processi di colonizzazione e comunicazione tra le cellule che li compongono. In questo contesto, i microrganismi risultano anche molto più tolleranti nei confronti degli antibiotici e dei sistemi di difesa dell’ospite. La resistenza agli antibiotici delle cellule componenti il biofilm è causata dalle proprietà strutturali del biofilm e da alterazioni fenotipiche delle cellule; questo costituisce oggi un’importante sfida nella terapia clinica. P. aeruginosa è un batterio ubiquitario e versatile, capace di sopravvivere in un’ampia diversità di nicchie ecologiche, ed è emerso come organismo modello per lo studio dei biofilm batterici. La complessa architettura del biofilm di P. aeruginosa contribuisce alla sua patogenicità. Nello studio viene esaminata l’anatomia a livello cellulare delle macrocolonie di P. aeruginosa. Si è scoperto che i biofilm di P. aeruginosa presentano zone organizzate verticalmente che si differenziano per l’orientamento delle cellule e per la vicinanza di cellule imparentate - questo patterning si verifica grazie alla presenza di alcuni componenti della superficie cellulare. Si è dimostrato che l’orientamento cellulare influenza l’assorbimento e la distribuzione di risorse nel biofilm, e quindi che esiste una correlazione tra l’arrangiamento cellulare nelle diverse subzone, lo status fisiologico e la suscettibilità agli antibiotici. Questi dati dunque legano la microanatomia del biofilm maturo con una differenziazione metabolica e con l’antibiotico-tolleranza dei batteri.
Correlazione tra la struttura dei biofilm di Pseudomonas aeruginosa e la tolleranza agli antibiotici
MARANI, ANGELA
2023/2024
Abstract
Biofilms are complex multicellular communities formed by bacteria, that promote colonization and communication processes between the bacterial cells that compose them. In this context, microorganism prove more tolerant to antibiotics and to the host's immune system. Bacterial cells within the biofilm have the ability to tolerate drugs, because of the structural properties of the biofilm and because of phenotypic alterations of the cells; today this represents an important challenge in clinical therapy. P. aeruginosa is a ubiquitous and versatile bacterium, capable of survival in a wide range of ecological niches, and it emerged as a model organism for the study of bacterial biofilms. The complex architecture of P. aeruginosa's biofilm contributes to its pathogenicity. In the study cellular-level anatomy of P. aeruginosa's macrocolonies is analyzed. It was discovered that P. aeruginosa's biofilm contain vertical arranged zones that differ for cellular orientation and for the vicinity of related cells - this patterning occurs because of the presence of given surface cellular components. It was demonstrated that cellular orientation influences resource uptake and distribution throughout the biofilm, and therefore that exists a correlation between cellular arrangement in the different subzones, physiological status, and drug sensitivity. These data thus link mature biofilm microanatomy with a metabolic differentiation and with bacteria's antibiotic tolerance.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/67594