The Gut-Brain Connection in Parkinson’s Disease and Its Novel Therapeutic Possibilities

Parkinson's disease (PD) has long been characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons within the central nervous system, manifesting primarily as motor symptoms. However, recent research has ushered in a paradigm shift, highlighting the critical role of the gut-brain axis in the aetiology and progression of PD. This thesis delves into a comprehensive exploration of the intricate relationship between Parkinson's disease and the gut, with a specific emphasis on uncovering therapeutic potentials within this dynamic interplay. The bidirectional communication network of the gut-brain axis has gained prominence, with recent findings indicating the presence of Lewy bodies, a hallmark of PD, not only in the brain but also in the enteric nervous system, underscoring the significance of the gut in the disease process. The focus of this thesis is to unravel the complexities of the gut-brain relationship in PD, elucidating the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving communication between these seemingly disparate systems. Attention is also given to the role of the gut microbiota, a diverse community of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract, in influencing the progression of PD and its potential as a therapeutic target. The objective extends beyond deepening the understanding of the disease to discerning novel avenues for treatment by examining the intricate connections of the gut-brain axis. This thesis offers insights into the therapeutic potentials residing within these connections in the context of Parkinson's disease.