Until a few years ago, it was believed that the use of the first synthetic pigment in art history, Egyptian blue, was limited to antiquity. Recently, its presence has also been detected in Renaissance and contemporary works of art, raising new questions about its knowledge and spread. This thesis aims to determine whether the pigment used in the modern age was resynthesised, extracted from deposits or recycled from ancient works of art. Fragments of an Ortolano painting and a Raphael fresco were analysed using spectroscopic (RAMAN and FTIR) and elemental (SEM) techniques. Likewise, two ancient Egyptian blue samples from Ostia and Liternum were examined and used as references. By analysing the composition of Egyptian blue, the associated mineralogical phases and trace elements in the four samples, and comparing these data with those found in the literature, an attempt was made to clarify the origin of the pigment in order to resolve this long-standing question.
Fino a pochi anni fa, si credeva che l'uso del primo pigmento sintetico nella storia dell'arte, il blu egizio, fosse limitato all'antichità. Recentemente, la sua presenza è stata rilevata anche in opere d'arte rinascimentali e contemporanee, sollevando nuovi interrogativi sulla sua conoscenza e diffusione. Questa tesi ha l'obiettivo di determinare se il pigmento utilizzato in età moderna sia stato risintetizzato, estratto da depositi o riciclato da opere d'arte antiche. Frammenti di un dipinto dell'Ortolano e di un affresco di Raffaello sono stati analizzati tramite tecniche spettroscopiche (RAMAN e FTIR) e elementari (SEM). Allo stesso modo, sono stati esaminati due campioni antichi di blu egiziano provenienti da Ostia e Liternum, utilizzati come riferimenti. Analizzando la composizione del blu egizio, le fasi mineralogiche associate e gli elementi in traccia nei quattro campioni, e confrontando questi dati con quelli presenti in letteratura, si è cercato di chiarire l'origine del pigmento per risolvere questa annosa questione.
The Egyptian blue pigment: identification, manufacturing techniques, provenance
PELLEGRINA, MARTINA
2023/2024
Abstract
Until a few years ago, it was believed that the use of the first synthetic pigment in art history, Egyptian blue, was limited to antiquity. Recently, its presence has also been detected in Renaissance and contemporary works of art, raising new questions about its knowledge and spread. This thesis aims to determine whether the pigment used in the modern age was resynthesised, extracted from deposits or recycled from ancient works of art. Fragments of an Ortolano painting and a Raphael fresco were analysed using spectroscopic (RAMAN and FTIR) and elemental (SEM) techniques. Likewise, two ancient Egyptian blue samples from Ostia and Liternum were examined and used as references. By analysing the composition of Egyptian blue, the associated mineralogical phases and trace elements in the four samples, and comparing these data with those found in the literature, an attempt was made to clarify the origin of the pigment in order to resolve this long-standing question.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/70316