Obesity is a multifactorial disease that afflicts an increasing number of people. This paper aims to examine the role of the main factors involved in the manifestation of this disease and possible therapies useful in combating it. In the first part, genetic factors involved in the onset of the disease will be analyzed then the main genes such as: leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, melanocotin-4 receptor and FTO, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and epigenetic effects. Next, environmental factors such as family environment, habits and lifestyle that predispose the subject will be considered. Finally, some of the therapies used to treat the disease both surgical and pharmacological in nature will be described.
L’obesità è una malattia multifattoriale che affligge un numero di persone sempre maggiore. Questo elaborato si propone di esaminare il ruolo dei principali fattori coinvolti nella manifestazione di questa patologia e le possibili terapie utili a contrastarla. Nella prima parte verranno analizzati i fattori genetici coinvolti nell’insorgenza della patologia quindi i principali geni come: leptina, grelina, adiponectina, recettore della melanocotina-4 e FTO, i polimorfismi a singolo nucleotide (SNP) e gli effetti epigenetici. In seguito si prenderanno in considerazione fattori ambientali come l’ambiente familiare, abitudini e stile di vita che predispongono il soggetto. Infine verranno descritte alcune delle terapie utilizzate per la cura della malattia sia di natura chirurgica che farmacologica.
Fattori genetici e ambientali dell’obesità
TONIN, CHIARA
2023/2024
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease that afflicts an increasing number of people. This paper aims to examine the role of the main factors involved in the manifestation of this disease and possible therapies useful in combating it. In the first part, genetic factors involved in the onset of the disease will be analyzed then the main genes such as: leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, melanocotin-4 receptor and FTO, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and epigenetic effects. Next, environmental factors such as family environment, habits and lifestyle that predispose the subject will be considered. Finally, some of the therapies used to treat the disease both surgical and pharmacological in nature will be described.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/70615