Introduction: Growth hormone (GH) secreting pituitary adenoma is considered one of the most harmful types of Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors (PitNETs). Our previous research has found that high expression of Lysine Methyltransferase 5A (KMT5A) is closely related to the proliferation of PitNETs. The aim of this study was to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of KMT5A in the progression of GH PitNETs. Methods: Immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blot (WB) were used to assess the expression levels of KMT5A in human normal pituitary and GH PitNETs, as well as in rat normal pituitary and GH3 cells. Additionally, we utilized RNA interference technology and treatment with a selective KMT5A inhibitor to decrease the expression of KMT5A in GH3 cells. CCK-8, EdU, Flow cytometry (FCM), clone formation, and WB assay were further employed to evaluate the impact of KMT5A on the proliferation of GH3 cells in vitro. A xenograft model was established to evaluate the role of KMT5A in GH PitNETs progression in vivo. Results: KMT5A was highly expressed in GH PitNETs and GH3 cells. Moreover, the reduction of KMT5A expression led to inhibited growth of GH PitNETs and increased apoptosis of tumor cells, as indicated by the findings from CCK-8, EdU, clone formation and FCM assays. Additionally, WB analysis identified the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway as a potential mechanism through which KMT5A promotes GH PitNETs progression. Conclusion: Our research suggests that KMT5A may facilitate the progression of GH PitNETs via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, KMT5A may serve as a potential therapeutic target and molecular biomarker for GH PitNETs.
Introduzione: l'adenoma ipofisario secernente l'ormone della crescita (GH) è considerato uno dei tipi più dannosi di tumori neuroendocrini ipofisari (PitNET). Le nostre ricerche precedenti hanno scoperto che l'alta espressione di lisina metiltransferasi 5A (KMT5A) è strettamente correlata alla proliferazione dei PitNET. Lo scopo di questo studio era indagare il ruolo e il meccanismo molecolare di KMT5A nella progressione dei GH PitNET. Metodi: immunoistochimica, qRT-PCR e Western Blot (WB) sono stati utilizzati per valutare i livelli di espressione di KMT5A nell'ipofisi umana normale e nei GH PitNET, nonché nell'ipofisi normale di ratto e nelle cellule GH3. Inoltre, abbiamo utilizzato la tecnologia di interferenza con RNA e il trattamento con un inibitore selettivo di KMT5A per ridurre l'espressione di KMT5A nelle cellule GH3. Il CCK-8, l'EdU, la citometria a flusso (FCM), la formazione di cloni e il saggio WB sono stati ulteriormente impiegati per valutare l'impatto di KMT5A sulla proliferazione delle cellule GH3 in vitro. È stato stabilito un modello di xenotrapianto per valutare il ruolo di KMT5A nella progressione dei GH PitNET in vivo. Risultati: KMT5A era altamente espresso nei GH PitNET e nelle cellule GH3. Inoltre, la riduzione dell'espressione di KMT5A ha portato a una crescita inibita dei GH PitNET e a un aumento dell'apoptosi delle cellule tumorali, come indicato dai risultati dei saggi CCK-8, EdU, di formazione di cloni e FCM. Inoltre, l'analisi WB ha identificato la via di segnalazione Wnt/β-catenina come un meccanismo potenziale attraverso il quale KMT5A promuove la progressione dei GH PitNET. Conclusione: La nostra ricerca suggerisce che KMT5A possa facilitare la progressione dei GH PitNET attraverso la via di segnalazione Wnt/β-catenina. Pertanto, KMT5A potrebbe servire come potenziale bersaglio terapeutico e biomarcatore molecolare per i GH PitNET.
Ruolo del gene KMT5A nella crescita di tumori ipofisari GH secernenti mediante la via di segnalazione Wnt/β-catenina
VETTORI, GIOVANNI
2023/2024
Abstract
Introduction: Growth hormone (GH) secreting pituitary adenoma is considered one of the most harmful types of Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors (PitNETs). Our previous research has found that high expression of Lysine Methyltransferase 5A (KMT5A) is closely related to the proliferation of PitNETs. The aim of this study was to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of KMT5A in the progression of GH PitNETs. Methods: Immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blot (WB) were used to assess the expression levels of KMT5A in human normal pituitary and GH PitNETs, as well as in rat normal pituitary and GH3 cells. Additionally, we utilized RNA interference technology and treatment with a selective KMT5A inhibitor to decrease the expression of KMT5A in GH3 cells. CCK-8, EdU, Flow cytometry (FCM), clone formation, and WB assay were further employed to evaluate the impact of KMT5A on the proliferation of GH3 cells in vitro. A xenograft model was established to evaluate the role of KMT5A in GH PitNETs progression in vivo. Results: KMT5A was highly expressed in GH PitNETs and GH3 cells. Moreover, the reduction of KMT5A expression led to inhibited growth of GH PitNETs and increased apoptosis of tumor cells, as indicated by the findings from CCK-8, EdU, clone formation and FCM assays. Additionally, WB analysis identified the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway as a potential mechanism through which KMT5A promotes GH PitNETs progression. Conclusion: Our research suggests that KMT5A may facilitate the progression of GH PitNETs via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, KMT5A may serve as a potential therapeutic target and molecular biomarker for GH PitNETs.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/70662