Aphids represent a significant group of agricultural pests worldwide, with ongoing challenges for their effective management. The increasing need for sustainable pest control methods requires the optimization of biological control strategies, particularly the use of predators and parasitoids. This research focused on two plant-pest systems: (S1) Aphis nerii in Mandevilla: where we evaluated the performance and functional responses of three predators, Chrysoperla carnea, Micromus angulatus, and Propylea quatuordecimpunctata to varying densities of Aphis nerii on Mandevilla plants; and (S2) Eriosoma lanigerum in apple crops: where we assessed the effects of five insecticides by direct or residual treatments, on the mortality rates of Aphelinus mali, a key parasitoid for controlling E. lanigerum. Results indicate that the predators M. angulatus and P. quatuordecimpunctata have potential for controlling A. nerii in Mandevilla, with predation rates reaching 26.1 and 18.2 aphids per day at the highest density, corresponding to 43.5% and 30.3% of prey consumed, respectively. Both predators were found to present a type II Functional Response. Regarding insecticide effects on mortality of parasitoids, when applied on treated shoots, Etofenprox and Deltamethrin were the most harmful for A. mali, reaching mean mortality rates of 44% and 32%, respectively. When treated with Potter Spray Tower, all insecticides produced high mortality rates (90-100%), with the exception of Pyrethrin (80-84%), which emerged as the least harmful across all experiments. The insights gained from studying and developing these two systems can contribute to the effective biological control of aphids in Mandevilla and apple production systems. Key words: Aphis nerii, Biocontrol, Eriosoma lanigerum, Parasitoids, Predators

Aphids represent a significant group of agricultural pests worldwide, with ongoing challenges for their effective management. The increasing need for sustainable pest control methods requires the optimization of biological control strategies, particularly the use of predators and parasitoids. This research focused on two plant-pest systems: (S1) Aphis nerii in Mandevilla: where we evaluated the performance and functional responses of three predators, Chrysoperla carnea, Micromus angulatus, and Propylea quatuordecimpunctata to varying densities of Aphis nerii on Mandevilla plants; and (S2) Eriosoma lanigerum in apple crops: where we assessed the effects of five insecticides by direct or residual treatments, on the mortality rates of Aphelinus mali, a key parasitoid for controlling E. lanigerum. Results indicate that the predators M. angulatus and P. quatuordecimpunctata have potential for controlling A. nerii in Mandevilla, with predation rates reaching 26.1 and 18.2 aphids per day at the highest density, corresponding to 43.5% and 30.3% of prey consumed, respectively. Both predators were found to present a type II Functional Response. Regarding insecticide effects on mortality of parasitoids, when applied on treated shoots, Etofenprox and Deltamethrin were the most harmful for A. mali, reaching mean mortality rates of 44% and 32%, respectively. When treated with Potter Spray Tower, all insecticides produced high mortality rates (90-100%), with the exception of Pyrethrin (80-84%), which emerged as the least harmful across all experiments. The insights gained from studying and developing these two systems can contribute to the effective biological control of aphids in Mandevilla and apple production systems. Key words: Aphis nerii, Biocontrol, Eriosoma lanigerum, Parasitoids, Predators

Evaluating biological control strategies for aphid management: functional responses of predators and insecticide side-effects on parasitoids.

CASTANIER POLIT, JOAQUIN HOMERO
2023/2024

Abstract

Aphids represent a significant group of agricultural pests worldwide, with ongoing challenges for their effective management. The increasing need for sustainable pest control methods requires the optimization of biological control strategies, particularly the use of predators and parasitoids. This research focused on two plant-pest systems: (S1) Aphis nerii in Mandevilla: where we evaluated the performance and functional responses of three predators, Chrysoperla carnea, Micromus angulatus, and Propylea quatuordecimpunctata to varying densities of Aphis nerii on Mandevilla plants; and (S2) Eriosoma lanigerum in apple crops: where we assessed the effects of five insecticides by direct or residual treatments, on the mortality rates of Aphelinus mali, a key parasitoid for controlling E. lanigerum. Results indicate that the predators M. angulatus and P. quatuordecimpunctata have potential for controlling A. nerii in Mandevilla, with predation rates reaching 26.1 and 18.2 aphids per day at the highest density, corresponding to 43.5% and 30.3% of prey consumed, respectively. Both predators were found to present a type II Functional Response. Regarding insecticide effects on mortality of parasitoids, when applied on treated shoots, Etofenprox and Deltamethrin were the most harmful for A. mali, reaching mean mortality rates of 44% and 32%, respectively. When treated with Potter Spray Tower, all insecticides produced high mortality rates (90-100%), with the exception of Pyrethrin (80-84%), which emerged as the least harmful across all experiments. The insights gained from studying and developing these two systems can contribute to the effective biological control of aphids in Mandevilla and apple production systems. Key words: Aphis nerii, Biocontrol, Eriosoma lanigerum, Parasitoids, Predators
2023
Evaluating biological control strategies for aphid management: functional responses of predators and insecticide side-effects on parasitoids.
Aphids represent a significant group of agricultural pests worldwide, with ongoing challenges for their effective management. The increasing need for sustainable pest control methods requires the optimization of biological control strategies, particularly the use of predators and parasitoids. This research focused on two plant-pest systems: (S1) Aphis nerii in Mandevilla: where we evaluated the performance and functional responses of three predators, Chrysoperla carnea, Micromus angulatus, and Propylea quatuordecimpunctata to varying densities of Aphis nerii on Mandevilla plants; and (S2) Eriosoma lanigerum in apple crops: where we assessed the effects of five insecticides by direct or residual treatments, on the mortality rates of Aphelinus mali, a key parasitoid for controlling E. lanigerum. Results indicate that the predators M. angulatus and P. quatuordecimpunctata have potential for controlling A. nerii in Mandevilla, with predation rates reaching 26.1 and 18.2 aphids per day at the highest density, corresponding to 43.5% and 30.3% of prey consumed, respectively. Both predators were found to present a type II Functional Response. Regarding insecticide effects on mortality of parasitoids, when applied on treated shoots, Etofenprox and Deltamethrin were the most harmful for A. mali, reaching mean mortality rates of 44% and 32%, respectively. When treated with Potter Spray Tower, all insecticides produced high mortality rates (90-100%), with the exception of Pyrethrin (80-84%), which emerged as the least harmful across all experiments. The insights gained from studying and developing these two systems can contribute to the effective biological control of aphids in Mandevilla and apple production systems. Key words: Aphis nerii, Biocontrol, Eriosoma lanigerum, Parasitoids, Predators
Aphis nerii
Biocontrol
Eriosoma lanigerum
Parasitoids
Predators
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/70917