This thesis examines the fundamental role of radio frequency (RF) antennas in the generation of high-density plasma, which is essential in Helicon Plasma Thruster (HPT) and Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) propulsion systems used in space applications. Through a comprehensive analysis of the operating principles and mechanisms behind these propulsion systems, starting with an understanding of plasma physics—particularly the cold plasma model—continuing with the study of electromagnetic wave propagation, and concluding with the characterization of specific RF antenna types, namely the Nagoya type-III and waveguide antennas used in HPT and ECR thrusters respectively, the focus is on their operation and potential applications in different propulsion systems. This leads to a performance evaluation highlighting the numerous advantages of these modern and innovative electric thrusters. The investigation shows how different antenna structures affect power coupling, plasma density, and thrust efficiency in the propulsion system.
Questa tesi esamina il ruolo fondamentale delle antenne a radiofrequenza (RF) per la produzione di plasma ad alta densità, indispensabile nei sistemi di propulsione HPT (Helicon Plasma Thruster) ed ECR (Electron Cyclotron Resonance) adoperati in ambito spaziale. Attraverso una completa analisi dei principi di funzionamento e dei meccanismi alla base di questi sistemi di propulsione, quindi, partendo dalla comprensione della fisica del plasma, in particolare del modello del plasma freddo, proseguendo con lo studio sulla propagazione delle onde elettromagnetiche e, concludendo con la caratterizzazione di alcune tipologie di antenne RF, ovvero Nagoya tipo-III e antenna a guida d’onda adoperate rispettivamente nei propulsori HPT ed ECR, focalizzandosi, poi, sul loro funzionamento e sulle possibili applicazioni nei diversi propulsori, si giunge alla valutazione prestazionale circa i numerosi vantaggi derivanti dall’utilizzo di questi moderni e innovativi propulsori elettrici. Questa indagine evidenzia come diverse stretture di antenne influenzano l’accoppiamento di potenza, la densità del plasma e l’efficienza della spinta del sistema propulsivo.
Antenne a radiofrequenza e la loro applicazione nelle sorgenti al plasma per propulsione spaziale
FERRACANE, SALVATORE
2023/2024
Abstract
This thesis examines the fundamental role of radio frequency (RF) antennas in the generation of high-density plasma, which is essential in Helicon Plasma Thruster (HPT) and Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) propulsion systems used in space applications. Through a comprehensive analysis of the operating principles and mechanisms behind these propulsion systems, starting with an understanding of plasma physics—particularly the cold plasma model—continuing with the study of electromagnetic wave propagation, and concluding with the characterization of specific RF antenna types, namely the Nagoya type-III and waveguide antennas used in HPT and ECR thrusters respectively, the focus is on their operation and potential applications in different propulsion systems. This leads to a performance evaluation highlighting the numerous advantages of these modern and innovative electric thrusters. The investigation shows how different antenna structures affect power coupling, plasma density, and thrust efficiency in the propulsion system.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/71121