Collateral infertility induced by oncological treatments represents a significant challenge for individuals of reproductive age, irreparably affecting their quality of life. This thesis aims to illustrate the interaction between oncology and female fertility, analysing how chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy and surgical interventions can compromise ovarian function, leading to infertility or premature menopause. Timely and personalized counseling for patients is recognized as a key element in offering effective pathways for preserving reproductive function before the start of oncological treatments. The currently available options for preserving fertility, including standard techniques such as oocyte and embryo cryopreservation, are not always adequate. Therefore, it is necessary to outline the latest advances in emerging strategies, such as the use of advanced biomaterials and ovarian tissue engineering. Since various categories of patients encounter difficulties with reproductive technology procedures, it is crucial to ensure the safety of ovarian tissue cryopreservation as an alternative method. Additionally, innovations in 3D printing technologies for biomaterials used in the culture and restoration of ovarian function represent promising developments in reproductive medicine. An analysis of the most recent clinical results highlights the importance of evolving fertility preservation strategies and their potential impact on medical practice. This underscores the need for further research and a multidisciplinary approach to optimize interventions and improve the life prospects of oncological patients.
L’infertilità collaterale indotta dai trattamenti oncologici rappresenta una sfida significativa per i soggetti in età fertile, influenzando irrimediabilmente la loro qualità di vita. Questa tesina si propone di illustrare l’interazione tra oncologia e fertilità femminile, analizzando le dinamiche con cui chemioterapia, radioterapia, ormonoterapia e interventi chirurgici possono compromettere la funzione ovarica e determinare infertilità o menopausa precoce. Un counseling tempestivo e personalizzato per le pazienti è riconosciuto come elemento chiave al fine di offrire percorsi efficaci di preservazione della funzione riproduttiva prima dell’inizio dei trattamenti oncologici. Le opzioni attualmente disponibili per preservare la fertilità, comprese le tecniche standard come la crioconservazione di ovociti ed embrioni, non sempre si rivelano adeguate; pertanto è necessario delineare gli ultimi progressi delle strategie emergenti, come l’uso di biomateriali avanzati e l’ingegnerizzazione dell’ovaio. Poiché diverse categorie di pazienti incontrano difficoltà con le procedure di tecnologia riproduttiva, è cruciale garantire la sicurezza della crioconservazione del tessuto ovarico come metodo alternativo. Inoltre, le novità nel campo delle tecnologie di stampa 3D dei biomateriali per la coltura e il ripristino della funzione ovarica rappresentano sviluppi promettenti nell’ambito della medicina riproduttiva. Un’analisi dei risultati clinici più recenti evidenzia il rilievo delle evoluzioni delle strategie di preservazione della fertilità e il loro potenziale impatto sulla pratica medica, sottolineando la necessità di ulteriori ricerche e di un approccio multidisciplinare per ottimizzare gli interventi e migliorare le prospettive di vita delle pazienti oncologiche.
Utilizzo di biomateriali innovativi per la medicina riproduttiva
MARZOLA, FRANCESCA
2023/2024
Abstract
Collateral infertility induced by oncological treatments represents a significant challenge for individuals of reproductive age, irreparably affecting their quality of life. This thesis aims to illustrate the interaction between oncology and female fertility, analysing how chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy and surgical interventions can compromise ovarian function, leading to infertility or premature menopause. Timely and personalized counseling for patients is recognized as a key element in offering effective pathways for preserving reproductive function before the start of oncological treatments. The currently available options for preserving fertility, including standard techniques such as oocyte and embryo cryopreservation, are not always adequate. Therefore, it is necessary to outline the latest advances in emerging strategies, such as the use of advanced biomaterials and ovarian tissue engineering. Since various categories of patients encounter difficulties with reproductive technology procedures, it is crucial to ensure the safety of ovarian tissue cryopreservation as an alternative method. Additionally, innovations in 3D printing technologies for biomaterials used in the culture and restoration of ovarian function represent promising developments in reproductive medicine. An analysis of the most recent clinical results highlights the importance of evolving fertility preservation strategies and their potential impact on medical practice. This underscores the need for further research and a multidisciplinary approach to optimize interventions and improve the life prospects of oncological patients.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/71297